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| ORder, reporduction, Growth, development, Engery process, Respsonse to enviroment, Regulation evolutinary process |
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| cell is basic sturctural functional unit of life |
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| organisms produce their own kind |
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| use of chemical enegery to power an organisms own activity |
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| repsond to the enviroment |
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| how it responds to the enviroment |
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| how it regulates internal enviroment |
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| over generations traits best suited for the enviroment |
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| Prokaryotic and eukaryotic |
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| 1st to evolve, dont have a nucleus |
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| have nuclues and other membrane organelles |
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| unity of life is based on DNA & a common gentic code |
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| Bacteria, Anchera Eukarya |
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| Protistis fungi animalia plantera |
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| Traits are passed on to the offspring, population produces more offspring than the enviroment can support |
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| generalization are based on a large number of specificed observations |
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| specific results predicted froma gneral premis |
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| Medicine agriculture forensics |
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| anything that takes up space, mass, broken down into elements |
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| a substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance |
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| require very small quanties |
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| substance consisting of 2 or more elements |
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| compand has characteristics that are different from innical elements |
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| # of protons in an element |
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| # both protons and neutrons |
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| of the serval forms of an element each with the same # of protons but differnt # of neutrons |
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| nucleus decays spontatanously giving off particles of enegery |
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| an enegery level representing the distance of an electron and its nucleus |
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| engery that matter posesses do to its location of structure |
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| 2 atoms share one or more electrons |
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| electrons are shared equally between atoms |
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| electrons are shared equally between atoms |
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| electrons are shared unequally between atoms |
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| atoms or molecules that has electronical charge from gaining or losing a electrons |
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| chemcial bonds resulting form attraction between oppositly charge ions-- Weak bonds |
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| resulting from the formation of ionic bonds |
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| Weak bonds, Polar covalent bonds with electromagtic atoms have a partical charge can be attracted to partically - atoms |
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| making/breaking of chemical bonds leading to the changes in chemical matter |
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| strickling together of molecules of some kind |
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| attraction between differnt kinds of molecules |
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| measure of how difficult it is to strach or break |
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| liquids consisting of a uniform mixture of 2 or more substances |
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| polymers of monosacchents function as storage or stuctural compounds |
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| storage polysachords in plants made from glucose |
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| storage of polysachords in animals, much more highly branched |
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| major component of plant cell walls compuse of glucose |
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| structural polysacchorides that is used to build insect ekoskelton |
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| has one or more double bonds & not soild at room temperature, typical for plants |
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| hour max number of hydrogens & soild at room tempueratere, aniamls |
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| can be caused by hydrogen, Veggie oils |
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| long term storage of enegry, good for cushing vital organs, insulates our bodies |
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| contains two FA's attached to glyceiol, 3rd carbon attached to phosphyate group |
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| compoent of animal cell membranes, helps maintain fludity of membranes, starting material for their sex chromosomes |
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| aka amino acids, carbon attached to amino group |
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| a chain of amino acids linked together by a covalent bond |
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| covalent bond that holds together amino acids |
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| Primary stucture of protiens |
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| unique sequence of stucture |
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| alphapheilex beta plated sheets that maintained by h-bonds between hyrdrogen and oxygens long polypete chain |
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| overall 3 dimensional structure, R groups with hydrogen, covalent, or ionic bonds |
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| process in which proteins unravel (heat, ph, Salts) |
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| called nucleotides composed of sugar bound to phosphate group of nitrogenous base |
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| Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosin |
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| RNA-Single Strandes, DNA- doube strands |
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| all living things are made up of cells, cells are very small, all cells come from other cells |
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Function-boundary layer between living cell & its surrounding
Structure-composed of phospholid belayer |
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No necleus Necleus
no organelles ORGANELLES
smaller, 1st Bigger, evolved later |
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Tend to be circular Cell wall
lysomes Choloroplasts
centriolies large central vacuale |
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function- houses DNA
structure- enclosed by a double membrane that has nuclear pores |
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| prominet structure of necleus site of ribosomal RNA synthesis site of ribosome assembly |
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function-carries out proteins systhese
structure- consists of ribosomal proteins & ribosomal RNA membrane bound |
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suspended in cytoplasm
produce proteins function in protain |
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attached to endoplasmic nuclear enevlope
make protiens that get interested to membrane |
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produce lipids
function-have enzymes that process drugs, alchol, harmfull stuff
structure- extensive network of flattened soes and tublues lack ribosomes |
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function-produces protiens that are incorporated into ER membrane then transported to other organelles
structure- extensive network of flattned sac with ribosomes attached |
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| molecular warehouse and fishing factory. ER products are modified as they are transported through golgi |
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| Golgi apparatus structure |
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Recieve- receives transport vessicles from Er
Ship- when done vesciles bud off opposite end and are transported to other sides |
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function- involved in digestion, can fuse with feeing vacule to digest food in protist
structure- membrane i a sac that has digestive enzanyes |
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function- stores food/water and can have digestive function
structure- large membranous sac |
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function-breaks down fatty acids into celluar fuel
structure- membrane organelle |
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function-cellular respiration convert food into chemical energey of ATp
Structure-double membrane structure |
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function-photosthesis
structure- has inner/outter membrane |
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| think fluid in inner membrane, cotains chloroplast DNA, RIm, Enzy |
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| series of inner connceted sacs |
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| a cell that lives within another cell |
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| mito and cholropasts were formally prokaryotes that begain living in larger cells |
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function-provides cell support
stucture- network of protein fibers |
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| support cell shape, involved in muscle contraction |
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| reinforce cell shape, ancher organelles |
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| involved in organelle meovent, part of locomotion appendayes |
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| Extracellular Matrix of animals cells |
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function- suports PM, holds tissues together provides protection
structure- composed of glyproteins |
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| cell junctions in animal tissues |
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| function- to adhare, interact and comm among neighboring cells |
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| form seals to prevent fluid leakage |
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| allow movement of small molecules to flow between cells |
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function- protect cells and help plants stay upright
structure- cellulose that is embedded in polyschanides and proteins |
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| channels in plant cell walls |
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