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| The process whereby people learn the attitudes, values and behaviors appropriate for member of a particular culture |
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| "Untamed" children who are so severely neglected and isolated they act as if they were raised in the wild. |
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| Sociologist who emphasized on how we create a sense of self |
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| Sociologist who attended U of Michigan |
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| Sociologist who developed idea of "looking glass self" |
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| "Looking glass self" is the idea of what? |
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| We develop our sense of self through social interactions with others; how we perceive others see us. |
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| Sociologist who emphasized how we continue to develop self |
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| Sociologist who graduated from University of Chicago |
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| Sociologist who identified 3 stages for how self develops |
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| 1st Stage of Mead's 3 stages of self |
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| What is Mead's "Prep Stage" |
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| Children imitate and begin to understand symbols such as languages and gestures. |
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| 2nd Stage of Mead's 3 stages of self |
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| What is Mead's "Play Stage" |
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| Children role-play and pretend to be another person |
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| What is Mead's 3rd stage of self? |
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Definition
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| What is Mead's "Game Stage" |
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| Children, at 8 or 9 begin to understand others roles and responsibilities, making games possible. |
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| Sociologist who emphasized how we present self to others |
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| Goffman's interests were in |
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| Sociologist who developed dramaturgy |
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| Life is drama on a stage, we are all actors with roles to play |
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| Sociologist who developed impression management |
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| The manipulation of scenery, props, costumes and behavior to convey a particular role image to others |
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| Sociologist who studied nonobservance |
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| Pretending not to notice mistakes people make in their role performance |
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| Sociologist who developed 4 cognitive stages of Development |
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| Sociologist who developed 8 psychosocial stages of development |
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| 5 Primary Agents of Socialization |
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Definition
1 - Family
2 - School
3 - Peers
4 - Media
5 - Workplace |
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| Problems with childcare (4) |
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Definition
1 - Increased health risks and disease
2 - Increased stress
3 - Increases aggression/bullying
4 - Not always cost-efficient |
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| Established standards or expected behaviors maintained by society |
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| Violation of norms/established standards or expected behaviors in society (i.e. violation of norms) |
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| Consequences - also called |
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| Violation of law that is established by governmental authority |
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| Career criminals with status among peers (i.e. safecracking, burglary) |
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| The coordination of work b/w various criminal groups (drugs or gambling ring) |
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| Illegal acts committed by affluent people in their business activities (tax or stock fraud, bribery) |
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| When willing adults exchange desired, but illegal, good or services (i.e., prostitution) |
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| Italian physician, focused on size and shape of skull, the "father of criminology" |
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| British physician, focused on body build |
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| Theory that emerged explaining certain "impulsive" acts |
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| Theories that emphasized influences in the social environment |
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Definition
| Attachments and investments in others lead us to conform to society's norms, deviance results from lack of socialization, anomie. |
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| A loss of social control or norms |
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| Differential Association Theory was created by |
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Definition
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| Differential Association Theory (or Deviant Attachment Theory) states |
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Definition
| one learns deviant/criminal behaviors through interactions with others |
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| Structural Strain Theory created by |
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Definition
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| Structural Strain Theory states that people want |
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Definition
| success and have goals. Stratification prevent reaching goals. |
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| Labeling Theory deals with |
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Definition
| others responses rather than individual behavior causes deviance |
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Definition
1 - Control Theory
2 - Differential Association Theory
3 - Structural Strain Theory
4 - Labeling Theory |
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| All collective effort to ensure conformity to society's norms |
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| Casually enforcing social norms by smiles, laughter, ridicule, frowns, etc. |
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Definition
| enforcing social norms by agents = police officers, teachers, employers |
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| Methods of Formal Social Control (3) |
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Definition
1 - Prevent
2 - Deter
3 - Reform |
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| Prevent, as a social control is |
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Definition
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Term
| Deter, as a social control is |
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Definition
| punish as lessons to others |
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| Reform, as a social control is |
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Definition
| change behavior and resocialize |
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| Some examples of social control prevention methods |
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Definition
| Gun control laws, sex ed, D.A.R.E, Big Brother, Big Sister, City/Town curfews |
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| T/F: The more rapid, more certain, and the more severe punishment for a crime, the lower the rate at which such crimes will occur |
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Definition
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| 4 Major Concerns of Capital Punishment |
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Definition
1 - Racial Discrimination
2 - Uncertainty of guilt/innocent
3 - Not cheap
4 - Unclear whether it defers crime |
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Definition
| an institution that regulates all aspects of a person's life under a single authority, such as a prison, mental hospital or a convent |
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| He or she is stripped of clothing, jewelry and other personal possessions. |
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| the labels society uses to devalue member of certain social groups |
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| According to functionalists, deviance is |
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Definition
| a common part of human existence |
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Definition
| emphasized that one learns criminal behavior by interacting with others |
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