Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Cheyne-Stokes Respirations |
|
Definition
increasing & decreasing breaths followed by apnea
Found in patients with increasing intercranial pressure |
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Term
|
Definition
Deep, rapid respirations
found in hyperglycemic diabetic patients |
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Term
|
Definition
Short, gasping, irregular breaths
found in patients with brain injuries |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| high-pitched inspiratory sound caused by upper airway obstruction |
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|
Term
| Radial pulse suggests systolic of at least |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Poor general impression means |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Patients in obvious severe distress are considered... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
define Retractions
are patients with retractions top priority? |
|
Definition
a sign that a patient is working hard to breathe
not top priority |
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|
Term
| uncomplicated child birth patients are considered... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| _________ is a problem oriented assessment process based on the initial assessment & chief complaint |
|
Definition
| focused history and physical exam |
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|
Term
| Major trauma patient has sustained _____ from the incident |
|
Definition
significant MOI
or
has an AMS |
|
|
Term
Subcutaneous emphysema
What will you notice on palpation |
|
Definition
occurs when gas or air is present in the subcutaneous layer of the skin
will notice crackling on palpation |
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|
Term
| 2 ways that assessing responsive medical patients differ from responsive trauma patients |
|
Definition
physical exam aimed at identifying signs of medical complications
history takes precedence over physical |
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Term
| Is the sample history recommended for responsive medical when patient is critical and time is limited? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Pink frothy sputum suggests... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| accumulation of fluid within the abdominal cavity |
|
|
Term
| unequal pulses in upper extremities suggests |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign type of unequal pupils |
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|
Term
| Pinpoint pupils suggest... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Coffee ground emesis suggests... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| pulse oximetry measures... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
disadvantage of the ECG is that is cannot tell if the heart is pumping effectively
true or false? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Ongoing assessment should be repeated every ____ minutes for unstable patients |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| black and blue discoloration over the mastoid process |
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|
Term
| Ongoing assessment should be completed every _____ minutes for stable patients |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What type of fracture may cause cerebrospinal fluid to leak from the ear or nose? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What has the ability to give a false pulse oximetry reading? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Define Hypoglycemia
Symptoms? |
|
Definition
lower than normal blood-glucose levels
Symptoms
pale, moist skin
rapid change in mental status for diabetics
|
|
|
Term
Define Hypergylcemia
Symptoms? |
|
Definition
Higher than normal blood-glucose levels
BG levels above 180mm Hg
Symptoms
gradual onset
reported malaise, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
|
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Term
|
Definition
unilateral neurologic deficits
require frequent assessments
common to have normal mental status with altered LOC |
|
|
Term
Athsma
causes?
what is heard? |
|
Definition
reversible, episodic disease that causes and airway obstruction
Three s's: spasm, swelling, or secretions
wheezing heard on expiration, may be heard on inspiration |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| prolonged, life-threatening asthma that cannot be controlled with epinephrine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Severe, often life threatening, generalized allergic reaction
Symptoms
rash
edema
hypotension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema |
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis |
|
Definition
inflammation
edema
excessive mucus production
patients use accessory muscles to assist breathing
history of repetitve respiratory infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
distention beyong the bronchioles with destruction of alveolar septa
Symptoms
SOB (dyspnea on exertion)
rapid respirations
prolonged & difficult expiration
"" causes Barrel chest
|
|
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Term
|
Definition
Lung inflammation & fluid or pus-filled alveoli leading to inadequate oxygenation
caused by bacterial or viral infections
may also occur because of aspiration of fluids |
|
|
Term
Pulmonary Embolism
symptoms? |
|
Definition
a blockage of the main artery of the lung or one of its branches by a substance that has travelled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream
Symptoms
acute SOB
tachycardia
chest pain increased on ispiration
cough |
|
|
Term
General Survey consists of...
(3 items) |
|
Definition
appearance
vital signs
additional assessments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measuring tape for infants that provides information regarding airway equipment medication doses, based on patient's lenght |
|
|
Term
| Carbon Monoxide saturates hemoglobin _____ times more easily than Oxygen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Accumulation of deoxyhemoglobin causes the bluish color of _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, round, flat, purplish spots caused by capillary bleeding |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| any disruption of normal tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| normal tension in the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
infectious process associatd with a systematic inflammatory response
may cause tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypotension |
|
|
Term
| IV drug users are at an increased risk of _______, and infection of the endothelium of the heart |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Majority of field diagnoses will be based on... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Differential field diagnosis |
|
Definition
| list of potential causes of the patient's problems |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| underlying cause of patient's illness |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Intermittent claudication |
|
Definition
| intermittent calf pain while walking that is relieved by rest |
|
|
Term
| deterioration of mental status that is usually associated with a structural neurologic disease |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| the _______ is the only place that should be auscultated before using other exam techniques |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| This pulse is found behind the knee |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| defined as the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure |
|
|
Term
| neurons denature above what temperature? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Shivering stops below what temperature |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Narcotic overdose symptoms |
|
Definition
constricted pupils
hypotension
AMS |
|
|
Term
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage may cause what symptom? |
|
Definition
| "the worst headache" of the patients life |
|
|
Term
| A ______ may occur as a result of alcohol withdrawal syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inflammation of the meninges, membrane that covers the brain
Symptoms
Headache
fever
possible stiff neck |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
skin
connective tissue
aponeurosis
loose skin
periosteum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"raccoon's eyes"
indication of a basal skull fracture |
|
|
Term
| cranial nerves that control eye movement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"eardrum"
translucent membrane that separates the ear canal from the middle ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
AKA conchae
bony ridges on the medial side of the nose that serve to create turbulance that warms and humidifies inhaled air |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| air-filled extensions of the nasal cavities |
|
|
Term
| Seizures, Hypoxia, Infection, and Hypotension are all causes of... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
traumatic brain injury where blood builds up in the brain
the patient may experience a lucid interval before becoming unconscious again |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
traumatic brain injury where blood gathers in the outermost layer of the brain
blood comes from injury to the bridging veins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no distracting injury
no posterior midline cervical tenderness
no evidence of intoxication
no focal neurologic deficit
normal level of alertness |
|
|
Term
| Primary muscles of inspiration |
|
Definition
| diaphragm & intercostal muscles |
|
|
Term
the pleural cavity
parts? |
|
Definition
cavity surrounding the lungs
parietal layer & visceral layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| patients with flail chest may present... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
heard over the manubrium
loud, high pitched, and hollow
prolonged expiratory phase |
|
|
Term
| Bronchovesicular breath sounds |
|
Definition
between scapulae & 2nd and 3rd intercostal space lateral to the sternum
equal inspiratory/expiratory phases
soft, breezy, lower pitch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
equal inspiratory/expiratory phases
Very loud/harsh
heard over the trachea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prolonged inspiratory phase
soft, swishy, lowest pitch
heard in the lung periphery |
|
|
Term
| Adventitious breath sounds |
|
Definition
Wheezes
Crackles
Rhonchi
Pleural rubs
Stridor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| continuous sounds with a lower pitch & snoring quality |
|
|
Term
| continuous, high pitched musical sounds similar to a whistle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| squeaking/grating sounds produced by pleura rubbing together |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 areas of the neurologic exam? |
|
Definition
mental status
speech
cranial nerves
motor system
sensory system
reflexes |
|
|
Term
| Are the cranial nerves part of the central nervous system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A speech abnormality caused by motor deficits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A voice change caused by a vocal cord problem |
|
|
Term
| ________________ is a language deficit caused by neurologic damage to the brain, and can be either receptive of expressive |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| speaking constantly in related areas with no real conclusion or end-point |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| patient sees things that are not there |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the patient senses things in the environment that are strange or unreal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The patient has false beliefs that other members of his group do not share. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sudden loss of the train of thought before completion of an idea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| making up "facts or events" in response to questions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the patient is driven to try to prevent some unrealistic future result |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The patient senses things in the environment that are strange or unreal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| patient misinterprets whats real |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the patient has recurrent, uncontrollable feelings of dread and doom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shifting from one topic to another unrelated topic without realizing the thoughts are not connected |
|
|
Term
| How is the olfactory nerve tested |
|
Definition
| patient is asked to identify common, non-irritating odors |
|
|
Term
| How is the vagus nerve tested |
|
Definition
| ask the patient to say "ahh" |
|
|
Term
| How is the oculomotor nerve tested |
|
Definition
| shine a light into the pupil and test extraocular muscles |
|
|
Term
| How is the trochlear nerve tested |
|
Definition
testing extraocular muscles
innervates the superior oblique muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this nerve supplies sensory function to the face and controls muscles of mastication (chewing) |
|
|
Term
| The facial nerve supplies |
|
Definition
| motor function to the muscles of the facial expression |
|
|
Term
| The abducens nerve is tested by |
|
Definition
| testing extraocular muscles |
|
|
Term
| The vestibularcochlear test is for |
|
Definition
| auditory acuity and balance |
|
|
Term
| the glossopharyngeal nerve is tested |
|
Definition
| asking the patient to say ahh |
|
|
Term
| the spinal accessory nerve is tested by |
|
Definition
| asking the patient to shrug their shoulders |
|
|
Term
| The hypoglossal nerve is tested by |
|
Definition
| asking the patient to stick out his tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| defined as an increase in muscle tone when passive movement is applied, especially at the end of range |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a loss of muscle tone causing a limb to be loose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a type of muscle tone abnormality commonly found in Parkinson's disease and extra pyramidal reactions |
|
|
Term
| muscle strength scale score |
|
Definition
0 - no visible or palpable muscle contraction
1 - barely palpable muscle contraction with no movement
2 - active movement with gravity eliminated
3 - active movement against gravity
4 - active movement against some resistance and gravity
5 - active movement against full resistance with no fatigue |
|
|
Term
| Which test is performed by asking the patient to stand with her feet together with eyes open and then with eyes closed. Losing balance indicates ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| areas of the skin that are innervated by the spinal cord are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Babinski response is characterized by big toe __________, and the other toes fanning out when the sole of the foot is stiumlated |
|
Definition
dorsiflexion - positive
plantar flextion - negative |
|
|
Term
| What are the risk factors for stroke (5) |
|
Definition
diabetes
elevated cholesterol
history of smoking
hypertension
family history of stroke |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facial droop, arm drift, slurred speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a repetitive, generalized seizure activity without full recovery of consciousness or seizure activity lasting over 30 minutes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(also known as grand mal or tonic-clonic)
are characterized by a loss of consciousness, apnea, incontinence, and alternating contraction and relaxations of the extremities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(also known as petit mal or partial)
manifested as limited muscle contractions or sensory disturbances but do not include complete loss of conssciousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| start as a focal seizure of an extremity that moves proximally and typically leads to a generalized seizure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| patient complains of a sudden onset of the worst headache of their life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Patient has a loss of consciousness following acute head trauma, with an intervening lucid interval before the patient loses consciousness again |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| patients present with a history of a headache, fever, and possibly nuchal rigidity, The mental state may become altered mental as disease progesses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recurrent headache that is typically unilateral and pulsating or throbbing in nature. it worsens with physical activity and is associated with photophobia and phonophobia, nausea, and vomiting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A headache that involves severe, stabbing pain in the distribution of the mandibular, or maxillary division of the cranial nerve 5. pain is usually unilateral and recurs over seconds to minutes. Trigger zones on the face appear to bring about the pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this is an uncommon cause of severe unilateral headache. The pain is typically around or above the eye or in the temple. It is associated with ptosis, lacrimation, constricted pupil, conjunctival injection, nasal congestion, a rhinorrhea. all of these features are found on the same side as the headache |
|
|
Term
| Abdominal aortic aneurysm |
|
Definition
| a ballooning of the abdominal aorta |
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|
