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Definition
| inactive condition resembling sleep but with a greater decline in body temperature |
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| organism that is active chiefly during daylight |
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| inherent timing mechanism that controls or initiates various biological processes |
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| neural system taht times behavior |
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| rhythm of the body's own devising in the abscene of all external cues |
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| environmental event that entrains biological rhythms |
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| determination or modification of the period of a biorhythm |
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| exposure to artificial light that changes activity patterns and so disrupts circadian rhythms |
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| fatigue and disorientation resulting from rapid travel through time zones and exposure to a changed light-dark cycle |
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| main pacemaker of circadian rhythms located just above the optic chiasm |
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| retinohypothalamic pathway |
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Definition
| neural route from a subset of cone receptors in the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus; allows light to entrain the rhythmic activity of the SCN |
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| hormone secreted by the pineal gland during the dark phase of the day-night cycle; influences daily and seasonal biorhythms |
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| fast brain-wave activity pattern associated with a waking EEG |
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| slow brain-wave activity pattern associated with deep sleep |
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| fast brain-wave pattern displayed by the neocortical EEG record during sleep |
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| slow-wave sleep associated with delta rhythms |
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| no tone; condition of complete muscle inactivity produced by the inhibition of motor neurons |
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| basic rest-activity cycle |
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Definition
| recurring cycle of temporal packets, about 90 minute periods in humans, during which an animal's level of arousal waxes and wanes |
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| brief period of sleep lasting a second or so |
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Definition
| lower brainstem damage that results in a fully concious, alert, and responsive condition, but the patient is quadriplegic and mute |
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| hippocampal neurons maximally responsive to specific locations in the world |
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| reticular activating system |
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| large reticulum taht runs through the center of the brainstem; sleep-wake behavior; reticular formation |
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| prolonged state of deep unconciousness resembling sleep |
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| cholinergic nucleus in the dorsal brainstem having a role in REM sleep behaviors; projects to medial pontine reticulum |
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| medial pontine reticular formation |
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Definition
| nucleus in the pons participating in REM sleep |
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Definition
| disorder of slow-wave sleep resulting in prolonged inability to sleep |
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| slow-wave sleep disorder in which a person uncontrollably falls asleep at inappropriate times |
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| condition resulting from continuous use of "sleeping pills"; drug tolerance also results in deprivation of either REM or NREM sleep, leading the user to increase the dosage |
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| inability to breathe during sleep; person has to wake up to breathe |
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| inability to move during deep sleep owing to the brain's inhibition of motor neurons |
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| form of narcolepsy linked to strong emotional stimulation in which an animal loses all muscle activity or tone, as if REM sleep, while awake |
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| hyponogogic hallucination |
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Definition
| dreamlike event at the beginning of sleep or while a person is in a state of cataplexy |
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