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| set of rules and procedures usually intended to regulate some aspect of society |
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| legal system based on written laws or codes; a type of law that controls private disputes between parties |
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| body of law developed through the courts |
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| document whose primary purpose is to establish a government and define its powers |
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| example set by the decision of an earlier court for similar cases or similar legal questions that arise in later cases |
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| it stands decided...precedent |
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| study of philosophy of law |
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| philosophical theory holding that law reflects the moral and unchangeable laws of nature. |
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| philosophical theory holding that the validity of law is not related to morality |
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| philosophical theory that laws are created by judges and therefore subject to individual beliefs and prejudices |
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| laws that define our rights and obligations |
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| laws that dictate how we enforce our rights and obligations |
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| a non contractual civil wrong |
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| law that places a time limit on when a lawsuit can be filed |
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| act in violation of a criminal statute |
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| procedural rules adopted by all courts regulating practices in the courts |
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| existence of a law that prohibits the conduct in question before the violation occurs |
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| power or authority to act a certain situation, power of a court to hear cases and render judgement |
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| preponderance of evidence |
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| amount of proof necessary for most civil cases |
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| finding of responsibility in a case |
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| without funds or assets and therefore unable to afford an attorney |
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| necessity of establishing a particular fact or the necessity of going forward with the evidence |
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| beyond a reasonable doubt |
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| amount of proof necessary for a conviction in a criminal case |
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| finding of not guilty in a criminal case |
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| can't attain consensus or majority needed |
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| system of government in which the people are regulated by both federal and state gov't |
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| system of govt in which the people are regulated by both federal and state govt |
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| powers that congress use to regulate that is derived from the express powers |
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| powers given to congress that are spelled out in the constitution |
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| doctrine referring to the right of the federal govt to be the exclusive lawmaker in certain areas |
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| "after the fact" refers to laws that impose criminal responsibility for acts that were not crimes at the time the acts occured |
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| sole power or authority to act in a certain situation |
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| term that describes situations where more than one entity has the power to regulate or act |
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| clause in US constitution making the constitution and the laws of the US the supreme law of the land |
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| 1st 10 amendments to the constitution |
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| legislature consisting of 2 houses |
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| topical organization of statutes |
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| laws enacted by a legislature |
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| body of law developed through the courts |
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| case law that must be followed by lower courts |
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| action by citizens to enact legislation through the voting process |
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| vote on whether to accept or reject proposed legislation or constitutional amendments |
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| chronological compilation of statutes |
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| power to first hear a case |
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| open court process where the parties present evidence; question witnesses, and generally put their case before the court |
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| in a trial, the one who determine the true facts; either a jury or in no jury, the judge |
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| the power of the federal courts to hear a case |
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| basis for federal court jurisdiction where the plaintiff and defendant are residents of different states and amount in controversy exceeds $75,000 |
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| term that describe entire panel of judges on a court hearing a case |
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| power of a court to review what happened in a lower court |
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| directions read to the jury by the judge; simplify the law applicable to the case |
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| petition for writ of certiorari |
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| document filed with the Supreme Court requesting a hearing |
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| judicial office; federal magistrate appointed by judge of federal district courts. Have some powers of judges |
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| assist the court and udge by filing documents, marking and safeguarding evidence, reviewing document that are submitted to the judge. |
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| records testimony that takes place during the open court (transcript) |
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| responsible for safety of judge and for order within the court room |
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| authorized by state to practice law |
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| administered by a state...tests an individuals knowledge of the law |
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| law student interning or working in a law firm while attending school |
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| document written to communicate the results of legal research |
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| hearing before administrative agency |
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| judicial conference of US |
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| principal policy making body concerned with the administration of the US court |
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| standards to responsible and professional conduct |
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| special relationship of trust and confidence between attorney and client |
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| action of denying an attorney the right to practice law in the state |
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| special bank account maintained by an attorney into which funds belonging to client are kept |
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| type of trust account in which funds are held until some condition occurs |
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| resource that provide the actual law; found in statutes, case law, and the constitution |
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| tools used to understand the law,; legal encyclopedia |
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| question that must be decided by a court |
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| relates directly to the issues |
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| sever from the trial, in family law, it mans that the divorce or dissolution may be granted but parties will need to come back to court |
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| collection of legal information; secondary source of law |
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| resources used to locate primary and secondary sources |
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| brief summary of a statute or a case |
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| legal resource filled with sample forms and explanation on how and when to use the forms |
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| publication containing article written by judges, professors, and attorneys |
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| book that reviews a special field of law (hornbook) |
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| an index to reported cases arranged by subject, short summary of case |
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| collection of reported cases |
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| computer assisted legal research service provided by west publishing company |
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| set of published volumes of cases by courts |
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| legal principle to be taken from courts decision |
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| set of published volumes of cases by courts in specific regions of the US |
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| short summary of a published case |
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| removable supplement to a volume of statutory law, including all changed or additions to the material contained in the hard bound volume |
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| constitutional doctrine that each of three branches of govt has separate and distinct powers |
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| 3 branches operate as a check on the power of the other branches |
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| power of courts to review statutory law to determine if it's constitutional |
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| order from one court to an agency or lower court directing that it do or refrain from doing something |
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| specific rights expressed in Bill or Rights are included in the concept of due process under 14th amendment |
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| clause in the 2st amendment hat prohibits govt from enacting any law that results in established religion |
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| prohibits govt from enacting any law that interfere with any persons right to freely practice religion |
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| untrue statement that injures another's reputation |
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| acting with ill will toward a person |
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| sexual material that appeals to prurient interest and has no socially redeeming value |
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| transaction that takes place between two or more states that have an economic impact |
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| gives special consideration to a member or a group that have historically suffered discrimination |
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| requirement of 5th and 14th amendment that govt can't deprive a person of life, liberty, property without a fair hearing |
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| "unless laws serve a legitimate purpose or related to achieving that purpose" |
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| examining the constitutionality of a law |
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| separate opinion written by one or more justices in a case, disagrees with majority |
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