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| the exchange or transfer of meaning |
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| conveying (getting across) any kind of meaning from one person to another. It can include 1. language, 2. non-verbal communication like signs, colors,gestures,sounds, etc. and 3 culture |
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| the way of life of a group of people. Linguists look at patterns, practices, products and the perspectives of people. Language teachers like to look at are such themes of culture as time vs. relationship, formal vs. informal, personal space, greetings, foods people eat, hierarchy or pecking order, rites and religion, etc. Which cultural themes interest you? |
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| what is acceptable and what is not acceptable in a society. A common concern is what is respectful and what is disrespectful |
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| writing symbols of an item that can be pictured. |
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| writing symbols based on an idea or concept |
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| writing symbols based on one symbol is made for one sound |
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| symbols are used to represent spoken language |
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| a scientist who studies all aspects of language |
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| languages that are grouped together because of resemblances in vocabulary or sound |
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| Indo-European language family |
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| the language family we belong to. About 1/2 the world's population is from this group and is identified by similar sounds or vocabulary |
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| close cousins in languages |
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| when 2 language groups can have a conversation together with a fair degree of understanding |
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| one's vocabulary. Can be of an individual or group |
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| the language one uses on a regular basis. |
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| the language one recognizes when reading or listening to someone but doesn't necessarily "use" that word in his/her own speaking |
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| the most basic unit of meaning |
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| the way words are put together to build a sentence |
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| endings are attached on to a word (such as in verbs depending on the time or subject) and in nouns (or adjectives) depending on singular and plural, masculine or feminine |
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| tone / intonation / tonal language |
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| the tone (ex. high or low pitch) can change the meaning of the word |
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| small words indicates how a word functions in a sentence. ex. to ask questions we use the ? symbol but the japanese use the word 'ka' The French put an 'ne' before their verb to tell you a negative word is coming. |
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| putting words together to form a more complete meaning |
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| the force or emphasis we give a word |
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| the order of the words that a sentence is structured in. The order of the building blocks of a sentence |
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