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Intro to Education
Ch 8, 10, & 12
92
Education
Undergraduate 1
04/19/2009

Additional Education Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
service learning
Definition
an approach to promoting ethical and moral development that combines service to the community with content learning objectives
Term
1. make content area connections 2. meet needs of early adolscence 3. content area: same amount of time 4. focus on real-life issues
Definition
Curriculum in middle schools?
Term
NCLB
Definition
passed in 2001 no social sudies
Term
moral education
Definition
a curriculum approach to developing student moralit that emphasizes students' moral reasong (relative behaviors)
Term
character education
Definition
a curriculum approach to developing student morality suggesting that moral values and positive character traits, such as honesty and citizenship should be emphasized, taught, and rewarded
Term
integrated curriculum
Definition
curriculum in which concepts and skills from various disciplines are combined and related
Term
explicit curriculum
Definition
the curriculum found in textbooks, curriculum guides, standards, as well as other planned formal educational experiences
Term
standards
Definition
statements specifying what students should know and what skills they should have upon completeing an area of study (state & proffesional organizations)
Term
censorship
Definition
the practice of phrohibitng the use of objectionable materials, such as certain books used in libraries or academic classes
Term
integrated currciulum
Definition
curriculum in HS and JHS
Term
creationism
Definition
a relgious view suggesting that the univers was created by God as described in the Bible
Term
null curriculum
Definition
topics often left out of the course of study (ex. racism during the civil war, due to lack of time)
Term
extracurriculum
Definition
learning experiences that extend beyond the core of the student's formal sutdies
Term
intelligent design
Definition
a theory suggesting that certain features of the universe and of living things are so complex that their existence is best explained by an intelligent cause, rather than an undirected process such as natural selection
Term
curriculum
Definition
everything that teachers teach and student learn "WHAT"
Term
1. increase the revelance (where you can use it) 2. improves achievment (math) 3. promotes collaborative planning
Definition
benefits of integrated curriculum (3)
Term
trust, respect, honesty, caring, responsibility, fairness, citizenship
Definition
character counts
Term
accountability
Definition
process of requiring students to demonstrate understaind of the topics they study as measured by standardized tests, as well as holding educators at all levels responsible for students' perfomance
Term
national defence education act (math science and foreign languages)
Definition
passed in 1958 because of russia's sputnik launch..emphasis on?
Term
1. student needs: may be different than the book 2. scope: important concepts 3. quality: some not as good as others
Definition
reasons to be selective about textbooks
Term
instruction
Definition
the strategies teachers use to help students reach learning goals in the curriculum (resources, textbooks) "HOW"
Term
emphasis on language arts and math..less emphasis on science and social studies..specials, arts, computers, music, pe, etc
Definition
curriculum in elementary?
Term
implicit curriculum (hidden)
Definition
the kinds of learning children acquire from the nature and organization of the classroom and school as well as the attitudes and actions of their teacher (real life, time period, have fun)
Term
1. sex ed 2. moral education 3. service learning 4. intellegint design 5. censorship
Definition
5 curriculum controversies
Term
title IX
Definition
passed in 1972 to increase involvement in extracurriculars (mens teams = womens teams)
Term
learning objective
Definition
statements that specify what students should know or be able to do with respect to a topic or course of study
Term
direct instruction
Definition
an instructional strategy designed to teach well-defined knowledge ands kills that are needed for later learning
Term
wait-time
Definition
the amount of time a teacher pauses after asking a question both before and after calling on a student to answer
Term
review
Definition
a summary that helps students link what they have already learned to what will follow in the next learning activity
Term
organization
Definition
the set of teacher actions that maximize the amount of time available for instruction
Term
closure
Definition
a form of review occuring at the end of a lesson
Term
equitable distrubition
Definition
the practice of calling on students-both volunteer and nonvolunteer-as equally as possible
Term
focus
Definition
activities or materials used to attract and maintain attention during lessons
Term
language clarity
Definition
teacher talk that omits vague terms in questions and explanations
Term
transition signals
Definition
verbal statements within a lesson that indicate one ideas is ending and another is beggining, and suggests connections between the two ideas
Term
assessment
Definition
how student understanding is measured
Term
instructional alignment
Definition
the match between learning objectives, learning activies, and assessment
Term
direct, lecture discussion, guided discovery, coopertive learning
Definition
4 models of instruction
Term
questioning frequency
Definition
refers to the number of times a teacher asks questions during a given period of instructional time
Term
cooperative learning
Definition
a set of instructional stratgies used to help learners meet specific learning and social interaction objectives in structured groups
Term
feedback
Definition
information about existing understanding that we use to enhance future understanding
Term
essential teaching skills
Definition
abilities that all teachers, including those in their first year, should have in order to maximize student learning
Term
prompting
Definition
a teachers question or directive that elicits a student response after the student has failed to answer or has given an incorrect or incomplete answer
Term
cognitive revolution
Definition
provides the foundation on whichc school leaders and teachers base thier approached to instruction
Term
emphasis
Definition
verbal and vocal cues and repition used to alert students to important information in a lesson
Term
high quality examples
Definition
representations of of content that ideally have all the information in them that students need in order to reach tteachers' learning objectives
Term
guided discovery
Definition
an instructional model designed to teach concepts and relationships among them through the use of examples
Term
thematic lessons
Definition
lessons in which all parts of a teacher's instruction are related, so that the lesson leads to a specific point
Term
1.condition, under what 2.performance, what 3.criteria, minimum standard
Definition
3 components in a learning objective
Term
models of instruction
Definition
prescriptive approaches to teaching designed to helps students acquire a deep understanding of specific forms of knowledge
Term
cognitive learning
Definition
explantions for learning that focuz on changes in the ways people think that result from their efforts to make sense of the world
Term
organized body of knowledge
Definition
topics that connect facts, concepts, geralizations, and principles, and mkae the relationship among them explicit
Term
lecture discussion
Definition
an instructional model designed to help students acquire organized bodies of knowledge and understand the realtionship of ideas within them
Term
organization, clear communication, questioning, review and closure, feedback
Definition
5 essential teaching skills
Term
learning depends on EXPERIENCES, learners construct NEW knowledge that builds on PRIOR knowledge, learning is enhance by social INTERACTION, learning requires PRACITCE and FEEDBACK
Definition
4 cognitive theories?
Term
reciprocal questioning, scripted questioning, jigsaw II, and STAD (presents, provides, groups...ind but group score)
Definition
models of cooperative learning (working together)
Term
select topics, specify learning objectives, plan activies, plan assessment, ensure instructional alignment
Definition
5 steps for planning for effective teaching
Term
standards..objectives..activies..assessment
Definition
what order does instructional alignment go in?
Term
effective instruction
Definition
instruction that builds on principiles of learning to maximize learning in the classroom
Term
1. intro and review 2. present info 3. comprehenzion monitoring 4. integration
Definition
phases of lecture discussion (facts)
Term
1.intro and review 2. develop understading 3. closure 4. application
Definition
phases of guided discovery (more involvment)
Term
1.intro and review 2. develop understanding 3. guided practice 4. independent practice
Definition
phases of direct instruction
Term
61% instruction 10% physical plant, adminstative, infrastructure support 4% transportation and food servies
Definition
where does educational revenue go?
Term
governance
Definition
how schools are regulated and run (teachers, principles, etc)
Term
weighted student formula
Definition
(state $) a means of allocatin resources within a district to school on an individual basis based on student needs (specialized, etc)
Term
70% fell out of the loop..teachers, parents, students
Definition
school choice/shared governance How do teachers feel? what should the states include?
Term
state department (office) of education
Definition
carries out what the state board of education decides
Term
categorical grants
Definition
monies targeted for specific groups and designed purposes
Term
Jonathan Kozol
Definition
who wrote savage inequalities?
Term
state board of education
Definition
the legal governing body that exercises general control and supervision of the schools in a state
Term
site based decision making
Definition
a school management reform movement that attempts to place increased responsibility for governance at the individual school level
Term
parents sue school board because one has more resources-ruled in favor of parent but does not guarantee citizens to an education (CA 1971)
Definition
serrano vs. priest
Term
equal protection clause..rodriguez v san antonio (texas state) supreme court
Definition
no way to guarantee this...court case?
Term
local school board
Definition
group of elected lay citizens responsible for setting policies that determind how a school district operates
Term
state 48.7% local 42.8 federal 8.5
Definition
school funding sources %? state? local? federal?
Term
state board of education..state department of education..local school baord
Definition
governance structure?
Term
3 or 4 years, male white wealthy older...80s 61% male 94% white 04 61% male 86% white
Definition
how long are school board members electer for? and who are elected?
Term
block grants
Definition
federal monies provided to states and school districts with few resticitions for use
Term
charter schools
Definition
alternative schools that are independently operated but publicly funded
Term
vouchers
Definition
a check or written document that parents can use to purchase educational services
Term
home schooling
Definition
an educational option in which parents educate their children at home
Term
15,073 DC ------5,245 UT
Definition
per pupul expenditure?
Term
state department of education
Definition
who approves textbooks?
Term
1.issuing and revoking teaching licesences 2.length of school year 3. standards
Definition
what does the state board of education regulate?
Term
district office
Definition
supports superintedent and makes decisions and passes to the prinicipal
Term
property taxes (fees (usage) building per user)
Definition
where does local funding come from?
Term
superintendent
Definition
the school district's head administrative officer, along with his or her staff, responsible for IMPLEMENTING that POLICY IN THE DISTRICTS SCHOOLS
Term
state tuition tax-credit plans
Definition
a variation on school voucher programs in which parents are given tax credits for money they spend on private-school tuition
Term
property taxes
Definition
the major source of educational funding, determine by the assessed value of a home or property
Term
school prinicpal
Definition
individual with the ultimate administrative responsibility for a school's operation
Term
1. finance 2. hiring and firing of personal 3. curriculum 4. students (gpa, dress code) 5. infastructure (new building)
Definition
what do school baords do?
Term
sales tax, tax (tobacco and alcohol), lotteries, state income (FL NO)
Definition
state funding?
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