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Definition
| Bulgaria, 4500 b.c. Cenotaph graves with gold masks- On the verge of a stratified society |
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| 2100-1600 b.c.- Similar in size to Ur. Organization- Administrative areas and temple in the SE. Wealth well distributed |
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| 1870 b.c. Private neighborhoods owned by single family. Kinship based not by vocation |
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| 3000 to 2600 b.c Large communities using irrigation and mounds surrounded by high walls. |
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| 2600 to 1900 b.c. Much larger cities. Structured city plans. Defensive structures. |
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| Important transit route between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Sophisticated pyro-technology. Same kinds of economic changes |
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| Densely Urban. Rigorous grid, trash receptacles, public baths, water control a big deal (private baths, complex drainage system), separate neighborhoods. Declined around 2000 b.c. -cholera epidemic |
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Term
| Indus Valley Civilization |
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Definition
| No obvious kings. Highly organized (must be somebody organizing it all), social differentiation. Standardized system of weights (trade). Cemeteries (no royal tombs). Major health differences between men and women. Boats moving tons of material. Indus controlled the trade from Mesopotamia |
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| 900 to 1600 a.d. Central Mississippi Valley |
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Term
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| 900 to 1300 a.d. 40-50,000 ppl. Densely populated. Wall-trenched houses (mass production). Fortified. Eagle nose iconography. Abandoned and small chiefdom start popping up |
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| Cahokia. Largest Earthen construction in N. America. 30-40m above ground level. Flat-top and surfaced in colored clay. |
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Term
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| Cahokia. 2 connecting mounds. Commemorative burials (240 ppl, absolute control), major allignment marked axis with cypress maker posts |
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