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Intro Psych. Chapter 9
Intelligence and Psychological Testing
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
04/19/2013

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Term
Emotional Intelligence
Definition
The ability to perceive and express emotion, assimilate emotion in though, understand and reason with emotion and regulate emotion
Term
Crystallized Intelligence
Definition
Involves ability to apply acquired knowledge and in problem solving
*Determined by education and experience
Term
Fluid Intelligence
Definition
Involves reasoning, ability, memory capacity and speed of info processing
*Determined by biological factors
Term
Factor analysis
Definition
Correlations among many variables are analyzed to identify closely related clusters of variables
(Spearman's "g")
Term
Reaction Range
Definition
Genetically determined limits on IQ

High-quality environments should put IQ at top of range
Term
Flynn Effect
Definition
Performance on IQ tests has increased in the last century
*Involves environmental factors
Term
Heritability Ratio
Definition
An estimate of the proportion of trait variability in a population that is determined by variations in genetic inheritance
Term
Evidence of Heredity Influence of Intelligence
Definition
Twin studies show that identical twins are more similar in intelligence than fraternal
Term
Gifted Children
Definition
Usually focused on IQ scores rather than creativity or leadership

Also above average physically, socially and emotionally, but are often introverted and socially isolated
Term
Origins of Retardation
Definition
Can be hereditary, extra chromosome, metabolic disorder

Environmental factors (parent neglect, bad nutrition, come from low socioeconomics)
Term
Mental retardation
Definition
Subnormal general mental ability accompanied by deficiencies in adaptive skills originating before age 18
*Communication, self care, social
Term
Deviation IQ Scores
Definition
Locate subjects precisely within the normal distribution using the standard deviation as the unit of measurement
Term
Intelligence Quotient
Definition
IQ = Mental Age
Chronological Age x100

*expansion of Binet's test by Stanford-Binet
Term
Mental Age
Definition
Indicates that a child displays the mental ability typical of a child of that chronological age

*Developed by Binet & Simon in France to identify mentally sub-normal children
Term
Francis Galton
Definition
Studied family trees - found that success appeared over generations but studied wealthy, education people
- Though intelligence was genetic
Term
Normal Distribution
Definition
A symmetric, bell shaped curve that represents the pattern in which many characteristics are dispersed in the population
Term
Construct Validity
Definition
The extent to which there is evidence that a test measures a particular hypothetical construct

*Measures for abstract qualities
Term
Criterion Related Validity
Definition
Estimated by correlating subjects scores on a test with their scores on an independent criterion of the trait assessed by the test
Term
Content Validity
Definition
The degree to which the content of a test is representative of the domain it's supposed to cover

*Achievement Tests and educational
Term
Validity
Definition
The ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure
Term
Correlation Coefficient
Definition
Numerical index of the degree of a relationship between 2 variables

*1.00 most reliable
Term
Reliability
Definition
Measurement of consistency of a test
Term
Percentile Score
Definition
Indicates the percentage of people who score at or below the score one has obtained
Term
Test Norms
Definition
Provide information about where a score on a psychological test ranks in relation to other scores on that test
Term
Standardization
Definition
The uniform procedures used in the administration and scoring of a test

Same question, same time, same instructions so results can be compared
Term
Personality Tests
Definition
Measure various aspects of personality, including motives, interests, and values and attitudes

aka: personality scales
Term
Achievement Tests
Definition
Gauge a person's mastery and knowledge of various subjects
*Exams in certain subjects
Term
Aptitude Test
Definition
Assess specific types of mental abilities. Break mental abilities into separate components
Term
Intelligence Test
Definition
Measure general mental ability. Assess intellectual potential, not accumulated knowledge
Term
Psychological Test
Definition
A standardized measure of a sample of a person's behaviour
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