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Intro Psych. Chapter 15
Treatment of Psychological Disorders
32
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
04/18/2013

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Term
Deinstitutionalization
Definition
Transferring treatment of mental illness from inpatient institutions to community based facilities that emphasize outpatient care
Term
Eclecticism
Definition
Drawing ideas from 2 or more systems of therapy instead of committing to just 1 system
1. Theoretical integration - 2+ systems blended to take advantage of strengths in each
2. Technical eclecticism - borrowing ideas/thoughts from variety of sources while tailoring strategy to unique needs of client
Term
Deep Brain Stimulation
Definition
Thin electrode is surgically implanted in the brain and connected to an implanted pulse generator so that various electrical currents can be delivered to brain tissue adjacent to the electrode
*Treats motor distubances of Parkinson's and seizure disorders
Term
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Definition
New technique that permits scientists to temporarily enhance or depress activity in a specific area of the brain
*Used to treat depression
Term
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Definition
Biomedical treatment in which electric shock is used to produce a cortical seizure accompanied by convulsions
*Used to treat depression and schizophrenia
*Relapses are high
Term
Mood Stabilizers
Definition
Drugs used to control mood swings in patients with bipolar mood disorders
*Lithium
Term
Antidepressant Drugs
Definition
Temporarily elevate mood and bring people out of depression
*Not as effective for bipolar
*SSRIs may increase risk for suicide
Term
Tardive Dyskinesia
Definition
Neurological disorder marked by involuntary writhing, tic like movements of mouth, hands and feet
*Caused by antipsychotic drugs
Term
Antipsychotic Drugs
Definition
Used to gradually reduce psychotic symptoms like hyperactivity, hallucinations and delusions; decrease activity at dopamine synapses
*Used to treat schizophrenia
Term
Anti-anxiety Drugs
Definition
Relieve tension, apprehension and nervousness; effective immediately but short lived
*Valium, Xanex (tranquillizers)
*Can cause bad side effects
Term
Cognitive Therapy
Definition
Uses specific strategies to correct habitual thinking errors that underlie various types of disorders
Term
Cognitive Behavioural Treatments
Definition
Uses varied combinations of verbal interventions and behaviour modification technique; techniques to help clients change maladaptive patterns of thinking
Term
Social Skills Training
Definition
Behaviour therapy designed to improve interpersonal skills that emphasizes modelling, behaviour rehearsal and shaping
Term
Aversion Therapy
Definition
Behaviour therapy in which an aversive stimulus is paired with a stimulus that elicits an undesirable response
*alcoholics have 'emetic drug' parked with drinks
Term
Systematic Desensitization
Definition
Behaviour therapy used to reduce phobic clients anxiety responses through counterconditioning
1. Build anxiety hierarchy
2. Train client in deep muscle relaxation
3. Client learns to remain relaxed while imagining each stimulus
Term
Spontaneous Remission
Definition
Recovery from a disorder that occurs without formal treatment
Term
Group Therapy
Definition
Simultaneous treatment of several (4-15) clients in a group. Participants function as therapists for each other.Therapist selects participants, sets goals, initiates process, protects clients from harm
Term
Therapeutic Climate
Definition
1. Genuineness
2. Unconditional positive regard
3. Empathy
Term
Client Centered Therapy
Definition
An insight therapy that emphasizes providing a supportive emotional climate for clients, who play a major role in determining the pace and direction of their therapy
Term
Transference
Definition
Clients unconsciously start relating to their therapist in ways that mimic critical relationships in their lives
*often encouraged
Term
Resistance
Definition
Largely unconscious defensive manoeuvres intended to hinder the progress of therapy. Clients show up late, show hostility to therapist
*Clients don't want to face buried conflicts in their unconscious
Term
Interpretation
Definition
Therapist's attempts to explain the inner significance of the client's thoughts, feelings, memories and behaviours
Term
Dream Analysis
Definition
Therapist interprets symbolic meaning of clients dreams
Term
Free Association
Definition
Clients spontaneously express thoughts and feelings exactly as they occur, with as little censorship as possible
*Studies for clues about what's going on in clients unconsciousness
Term
Psychoanalysis
Definition
Insight therapy that emphasizes the recovery of unconsciousness conflicts, motives and defences through techniques such as free association and transference
*Mostly used for anxiety
Term
Psychiatrists
Definition
Physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders
*Meds = principle treatment
Term
Counselling Psychologist
Definition
Slanted towards treatment of everyday problems
Term
Clinical Psychologist
Definition
Emphasizes treatment of full fledged disorders
Term
Clinical Psychologist
Definition
Emphasizes treatment of full-fledged disorders
Term
Biomedical Therapies
Definition
- Intervention into a person's biological functioning
- Procedures such as drug therapy or ETC therapy
- Usually by psychiatrists
Term
Behaviour Therapies
Definition
- Therapists make direct efforts to alter problematic responses (phobias) or maladaptive traits (drug use)
- Procedures involve classical and operant condition, observational learning
Term
Insight Therapies
Definition
"Talk therapy"
- Complex verbal interaction with therapists
- Sort through possible solutions to client's difficulties
- Individual or group (family or martial therapy)
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