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Intro Psych. Chapter 12
Personality
19
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
04/19/2013

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Term
Personality Traits
Definition
Durable disposition to behave in a certain way in a variety of situations
ex. honest, impulsive, excitable
Term
"Big Five"
Definition
1. Extraversion - outgoing, social
2. Neuroticism - anxious, hostile,
3. Openness to Experience - curiosity, imaginative
4. Agreeableness - sympathetic, trusting
5. Conscientious - disciplined, punctual
Term
Psychoanalytic Theory
Definition
Attempts to explain personality, motivation and psych disorders by focusing on childhood unconscious motives and methods used to cope with sexual urges
Term
Freud's 3 Components of Personality
Definition
"id" - primitive, instinctive component that operates according to pleasure principle

"ego" - decision making component that operates according to reality principle

"superego" - moral component that incorporates social standards about right and wrong
Term
3 Levels of Awareness
Definition
Conscious - what one is aware of at the time

Preconscious - material just beneath the surface can be retrieved easily

Unconscious - thoughts, memories and desires well below surface of conscious awareness but have influence on behaviour
Term
Defence Mechanisms
Definition
Largely unconscious reactions that project a person from unpleasant emotions like anxiety and guilt
Term
Repression
Definition
Keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious
"motivated forgetting"
Term
Projection
Definition
Attributing one's own thoughts, feelings or motives to another
Term
Displacement
Definition
Diverting emotional feelings from original source to substitute target
Term
Rationalization
Definition
Creating false but plausible excuses to justify acceptable behaviour
Term
Reaction Formation
Definition
Behaving in a way that's exact opposite from one's true feelings
Term
Regression
Definition
Reversion to immature patterns fo behaviour
Term
Identification
Definition
Bolstering self-esteem by forming imaginary real alliance with some person or group
Term
Oedipal Complex
Definition
Children manifest erotically tinged desires for opposite sex parent and hostility toward same sex parent
Term
Personal Unconscious
Definition
Houses material that is not within one's awareness because it was repressed or forgotten
Term
Collective Unconscious
Definition
Storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from ancestors
Term
Psychosexual Stages
Definition
Oral Stage (0-1)
Anal Stage (2-3)
Phallic Stage (4-5)
Latency Stage (6-12)
Genital (puberty onward)
Term
Archetypes
Definition
Emotionally charges images that have universal meaning
Term
Reciprocal Determinism
Definition
Idea that internal mental events, external environmental events and overt behaviour all influence each other
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