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INTRO GENDER STUDIES
cumulative midterm review ch.1-9
115
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
10/11/2010

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Term
androcentrism
Definition
male centered norms operating throughout all social institutions that become a standard to which all persons adhere
Term
Status
Definition
a category or position a person occupies that is a significant determinant of how she or he will be defined and treated
Term
Status set
Definition
the status we occupy simultaneously. i.e. : mother,daughter, attorney, patient, employee, and passenger.
Term
Social stratification
Definition
all societies categorize members by status then rank rank the statuses in some fashion creating this system
Term
role
Definition
The expected behavior associated with a status
Term
norms
Definition
Norms determine how roles are performed. shared rules that guide peoples behavior in specific situations. Determine the privileges and responsibilities a status posses.
Term
Patriarchy
Definition
male dominated social structures leading to the oppression of women.
Term
anomie
Definition
normlessness. experienced when traditional norms have changed, but new ones have yet to develop.
Term
Stereotypes
Definition
oversimplified conceptions that people who occupy the same status group share certain traits ion common.
Term
sexism
Definition
the belief that the status of a female is inferior to the status of a male.
Term
sexism
Definition
the belief that the status of a female is inferior to the status of a male.
Term
Sex
Definition
refers to the biological characteristics distinguishing male and female. X/Y chromosomes. Makes us male or female
Term
Gender
Definition
refers to those social, cultural, and psychological traits linked to males and females. Makes us masculine or feminine.
Term
sexual orientation
Definition
the preference of sexual partners of one gender(sex) or the other.
Term
Gender roles
Definition
expected attitudes and behaviors a society associates with each sex.
Term
Status: achieved
Definition
done through personal efforts
Term
Status:abscription
Definition
being born into them or attaining involuntarily
Term
Role conflict
Definition
change in tradition. i.e. a women who is use to working as a stay at home mom going into labor force. conflict between work and motherly role.
Term
Functionalism
Definition
based on the idea that society is made of interdependent parts, that all contribute to the society as a whole. roles are played to create balance and they all combine together to make something complete.
Term
preindustrial society
Definition
equilibrium maintained through assigning different tasks to men and women.
* men hunt and help family survive
*women play domestic roles
Term
Contemporary society
Definition
disruption is minimized and harmony maximized. spouses have non overlapping roles. Father:instrumental role.(physical integrity of family)
Mother: expressive role. (cements relationships and structure.)
Term
Conflict theory
Definition
exercises the power that one social class holds over another. wealthy vs. poor. presented through exercise of power
Term
endogamy
Definition
marrying within the same social class
Term
Interactionist
Definition
people continually modify their behavior as a result of interaction itself.
Term
Femanism
Definition
worldwide movement to end sexism and sexist oppression by empowering women.
Term
liberal Femanism
Definition
most moderate branch.
all people are equal and should not be denied opportunity based on gender.
Term
cultural femanism
Definition
if women ruled the world there would be no war. celebrates women's unique characteristics.
Term
Socialist
Definition
anti capitalist. capitalism needs to be done with and socialism adopted. husband has economic power over wife.
Term
radical
Definition
women must separate from men and rely on themselves. must form their own institutions because society's cannot be transformed.
Term
multicultural femanism
Definition
specific cultural elements and historical conditions that serve to maintain women's oppression.
Term
global femanism
Definition
movement of people working for change across national boundaries.
Term
ecofemanism
Definition
the planet can be healed and ecological harmony restored through political action and emphasizing the principal of equality of all species.
Term
androgenous
Definition
not belonging to either female or male in order to belong to society as a whole
Term
essentialism
Definition
men and women are naturally suited to fit certain roles due to biology and genes. womens biological and reproductive make up refrains them from being equal to men.
Term
nature
Definition
heredity, biology, and genes. natural. boys naturally enjoy trucks and girls naturally enjoy dolls.
Term
nurture
Definition
the enviorment or culture in which we live and learn
Term
Margaret Mead
Definition
anthropologist. did study in New guinea and stayed with three different tribes. the Arapesh, Muhdugumor, and Tchumbuli. concluded masculinity and femaninity are culturally determined
Term
Arapesh
Definition
gentle peaceful loving tribe. eagerly shared tasks between men and women. willing to help young.
could not be distinguished by gender.
Term
Mundugumor
Definition
barley tolerated children. harsh and hostile. success measured by aggression. could not distinguish by gender
Term
Tchumbuli
Definition
reversal of gender roles. men did womens part ie dance and do art while women got food.
Term
sociology
Definition
rooted in nature. humans are not structured by nature with an innate drive to ensure that their individual genes are passed on to the next generation
Term
cognitive biology
Definition
the biological basis for sex differences stems from research on prenatal hormones and brain development
Term
Androgens
Definition
help determine how our bodies including our brain become sexually differentiated
Term
hermaphrodites
Definition
mixed female and male organs
Term
transexuals
Definition
genetic males or females who believe they are the opposite sex
Term
double standard
Definition
men may express themselves sexually but women cannot
Term
Women and men die form these 3 causes
Definition
cancer, heart disease and stroke
Term
Socialization
Definition
a life long process through social interaction that we learn our culture through and develop a sense of self and become. Generation to generation cultures are passes
Term
Primary socialization
Definition
begins in the family and allows the child to acquire necessary skills to fit into society.
Term
Continuing socialization
Definition
provides the basis for valued roles an individual will fuffil throughout their lifetime
Term
gender socialization
Definition
the process by which individuals learn the cultural behavior of femaninity or masculinity
Term
cultures organized through social institutions
Definition
ensure the basic needs of society are met in established predictable ways
Term
sub cultures
Definition
share same characteristics with the culture in which they exist but are also distinguished from the broader culture.
Term
social control
Definition
ensures that people are more or less conformed to a vast array of social norms
Term
Familism
Definition
helps foster masculinity and is a source of prestige for girls
Term
social learning theory
Definition
focuses on observable behavior. based on rewards and punishments.
Term
Cognitive development theory
Definition
how children gradually develop intelligence and reasoning. sense of self. children's behaviors are organized around their gender developing
Term
gender schema theory
Definition
cognitive structures used to understand the world, interpert perception, and process new information. effects own behavior and self esteem. also effects the way parents will treat children
Term
gender polorization
Definition
males and females are opposite beings
Term
biological esentialism
Definition
biology produces natural inevitable gender roles
Term
social cognitive theory
Definition
used to connection between gender and selection of sports roles models
Term
agents of socialization
Definition
family, peers, school, TV.
Term
the family is the primary
Definition
agent of socialization
Term
the generic myth
Definition
we can use he when we mean she
Term
inclusive language
Definition
to avoid sexism. i.e. they
Term
Titles and occupations like Mr. Fire men

children do not know to call a female fireman a
Definition
firefighter
Term
Ms.
Definition
used for a women to not share marrital status
Term
Ms.
Definition
used for a women to not share marrital status
Term
English is _______ to women
Definition
unsympathetic
Term
regiters
Definition
indicate a variety if languages defined according to its use in a social situation.
Term
compensatory history
Definition
chronicles the lives of exceptional even deviant women and does not provide info on impact to society in general
Term
contribution history
Definition
documenting women's contributions to specific social movements
Term
Religon is to gender is to values is o norms is to
Definition
institutions and structures
Term
Who was martin luther
Definition
split between catholic and protastant/ believed in chivalry. and that women bared the burden of child birth because of eve
Term
Missionary view of native american women and why
Definition
beasts of burden, slaves, squaw because of the gender role balance. women are valued highly
Term
Matrilocal
Definition
families consolidate around womens family. man goes to womens house once married
Term
matrilinial
Definition
family tree is traced through mothers
Term
Colonial women facts
left for _______________
Definition
religious freedom
Term
Rigid in living out ____________
Definition
faith
Term
Rigid Hierarchy that goes in this order 1. god 2. 3. 4.
Definition
man, women, and children
Term
mans submission to god means _______ submission to man and childrens submission to ______________
Definition
womens, and all of the above.
Term
Civilly dead
Definition
no rights when leaving house

your sugnature means nothing

when a husband divorces you ( u cannot divorce him) the children are his
Term
womens movement was used to get rid of being _______ dead
Definition
civilly
Term
Victorian and fronteir women
Middle class vs_____
Definition
fronteir
Term
the middle class enjoyed being viewed as this but the fronteir hated it
Definition
FRAIL
Term
fronteir women struggled with ________
Definition
lonliness
Term
Fronteir women worked side by side with who
** pocket of equality
Definition
their husbands
Term
True woman hood
Definition
idea that a woman should be submissive pure, a virgin, domestic, and groomed
Term
war served as what to open the workforce for women
Definition
catalyst
Term
war mean women were
Definition
needed
Term
BABY BOOMERS occured after
Definition
war
Term
women went back where after war
Definition
home
Term
sexuality and victorian values
double standard
women are crazy if sexual
Definition
Term
1911 shirt waste company fire
Definition
women locked in factories and couldn' t get out
led to first labor union and fight for better conditions
Term
Male mystic
Definition
rigid expectations of the male involving social psychological and cultural consequences
Term
Doles catergories
Definition
spiritual, epic, chivraly , rennisance, and Bourgeois
Term
dole argues what about patriarchy
Definition
it is born out of masculinitites and these still exist
Term
Epic (heros)
Definition
classical societies, male gods, strengths, warriors, knights
Term
Spiritual (connection with god)
Definition
greek gods, designated leader connected to god
Term
Chivraly (saving the lady)
Definition
sacrafice courage, honor, and service to the lady. Knight showing up to rescue princess.
ie pretty women
Term
Renissance male (IQ)
Definition
intellect, men are smart, intelligent, and rational.
we think men when we think how the world was created
Term
Bourgeois male (MONEY)
Definition
capitalist, buisness man, gain status through wealth and financial know how
Term
war
Definition
supreme guidline for defining masculinity
Term
a nation at war
Definition
is the realm of men
Term
sports are looked at as for
Definition
men
Term
corrosive vs consentual power
Definition
power by force vs power through word
Term
Norms
Definition
Sucess
nothing femanine
homophobia
heteroism
Term
toughness (THE STURDY OAK) ie the CEO
Definition
strong confident, decisive, leadership
Term
Aggresion Norm (give em hell)
Definition
greet by hitting, boys will be boys, explorers
Term
Sexual prowness norm (MACHO MAN)
Definition
player, experienced,
Term
TEnderness masculinity (sensative guy)
Definition
men will express their emotions, real men are good fathers
Term
National organization of men against sexism NOMAS
Definition
ran by men , for men and women. fight against sexual rape and assault. domestic violence
Term
Myntopoetic man
Definition
emotional healing
robert Biy ( 1990)
rigid masculinity hurts men so then need healing
took men into woods to breakdown
Term
african american and minority men
Definition
whenever looking at gender we have to look at race
minority men at a position of women.
RESIST EUROCENTRISM AND RACISM
Term
Promise keepers
Definition
evangelic christian men
promise to take back male responsibility in the family
re establish the provider
aimed towards alchoholics and drug addicts, dads who abandoned children
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