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| Post-depression revival of government funded archaeology (New Deal public works) |
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| Usually grant-funded, Excavation with the intent to answer a specific question |
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| Studies “people who don’t have history” |
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| Deals generally with European and post-colonial American cultures |
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| The "Science" of Archaeology is Approximately {...} years old |
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| Last king of Babylon; searched for, found, and excavated an ancient temple APPX. 2,500 years ago |
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| In 1650, used genealogical Biblical data to argue that the world was created in 4004BC |
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| First attempted by looters in 1738; legitimate excavations began in the later 18th century |
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| "America's 1st Archaeologist" excavated a mound on his property and textually recorded his findings, which supported the theory that the mounds had been built by Native Americans |
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| Commissioned researchers to excavate in Egypt |
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| Stone inscribed with many languages, led to the decoding of Egyptian Heiroglyphs. Discovered by Napolean's researchers |
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| Established the 3-Age system by organizing museum artifacts by material in 1809 |
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| Organizes material use chronologically into three "ages": Stone, Bronze, and Iron. |
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| "Tomb Raider for Hire" Author of Belzoni's Travels. Excavated Egyptian tombs with no consideration for context or human remains |
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| Jean Francios Champillion |
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| Decoded the Rossetta Stone in 1822 |
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| "New World Adventurer" Traveled centra/south America under title of Ambassador. Wrote a book with his companion/illustrator. |
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| "Father of Geology" Established the principles of Uniformatarianism and Superposition. |
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| argues that the processes of the modern earth are the same that shaped its surface in the past |
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| argues that in a stratified profile, the lower layers are usually the oldest, the higher layers are usually the youngest |
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| During excavation in Biblical regions discovered many well-preserved Cuneiform tablest. Discovered the Winged Bulls of Nineveh, and moved them to France |
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| First scientifically excavated site, was undertaken by a multi-disciplinary team in the 1870's |
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| Gen. Augustus Lance Fox Pitt-Rivers |
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| "1st Modern Archaeologist" cautiously excavated, examined, and mapped entire mounds in context |
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| Excavated the island of Crete stratigraphically for 30 years. Established a definite connection between the Mediterranean and other regions of the world |
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| Bureau of American Ethnology |
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| established post- Civil War to record American Indian Culture |
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| "Father of American Anthropology" was fascinated by American Indians. Argued the principles of Cultural Relativism nd Historical Particularism |
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| cultures cannot be fairly judged with the biases of ones own culture |
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| cultures do not necessarily move through the Unilinear system of evolution |
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| Divides Anthropology into four distinct sciences: Archaeology, Physical Anthropology, Linguistic Anthropology, and Cultural Anthropology |
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| Searched for King Tut in the Valley of Kings for 5 years. Spent 8 years excavating the tomb |
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| anything portable that was made, modified, and used/moved by humans |
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| unmodified organic remains |
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Region: specific area, usually defined by geographic features
Landscape: acknowledged space around sites/regions |
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| Phases of Behavioral Processes |
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| Acquisition, Manufacture, Use, Deposition |
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