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International Studies Midterm
Concepts, terms, etc
76
International Studies
Undergraduate 1
10/16/2010

Additional International Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Sikkink and Keck
Definition
Advocacy Networks in International Politics
Term
Farer and Sisk
Definition
Enhancing International Cooperation - Global Governance
Term
Osterhammel and Peterson
Definition
Globalization: A history
Term
Roth
Definition
Human Rights Organizations - A tool for social change
Term
Sen
Definition
Identity and Violence: The Illusion of Destiny
Term
Barnett and Finnimore
Definition
Politics, Powers and Pathologies of IOs
Term
Diamond
Definition
The Democratic Rollback: Resurgence of Predatory State
Term
Mazower
Definition
No Enchanted Palace
Term
Kaletsky
Definition
Capitalism 4.0
Term
Duflo
Definition
Poverty Lab
Term
NGO
Definition
United by principle, loosely federated, nonprofit groups, transnational agendas, supply through monetary aid and expertise
Term
IO
Definition
Inter-governmental, multiple states enter into an agreement, formed to address a specific cause
Term
TAN
Definition
Lacks hierarchy, horizontal reciprocal linkage between governments/NGOs/IOs and citizens, tackle specific issues, motivated by beliefs and values NOT INTERESTS
Term
Core concepts of Globalization
Definition
Markets over states, cultural homogenization, space-time compression
Term
Space-time compression
Definition
Erosion of natural borders due to increased communication abilities, access to information
Term
Three Great Eras
Definition
Rise of the West, Rise of the US, Rise of the Rest
Term
Multipolarity
Definition
1800s through World War II - Multiple centers of evenly distributed power
Term
Unipolarity
Definition
One dominant nation (USA 1989-2006)
Term
Bipolarity
Definition
Two major sources of world power (US and USSR in the cold war)
Term
Uni-multipolarity/Nonpolarity
Definition
No single, definite source of power, or one majority source with many minority sources
Term
Global Governance
Definition
Global exercise by power, not necessarily by entities elected to act. Different sources taking the place of an international government
Term
Realist Perspective of IOs
Definition
IOs reflect the power differentials of nations, have no autonomous power
Term
Liberal Institutionalist perspective of IOs
Definition
IOs reduce costs and facilitate cooperation, efficiency, some degree of autonomy
Term
Constructivist view of IOs
Definition
IOs exist to change behaviors, norms, create social reality
Term
Global Civil Society
Definition
Network formed by citizen-to-citizen interaction
Term
Reasons for the Growth of NGOs
Definition
Democratization, global civil society, communication
Term
TAN political strategies
Definition
Leverage, accountability, information, symbolic
Term
Information politics
Definition
Gathering credible information, politically usable, make people aware of what's happening
Term
Symbolic politics
Definition
Using info, pictures to change the way we think about particular issues
Term
Leverage politics
Definition
Using info to pressure politicians, other influential actors
Term
Accountability Politics
Definition
Hold politicians to their word
Term
Democratization
Definition
Gradual change from politically closed to open systems
Term
Elements/Definition of Democracy
Definition
Popular sovereignty and real/fair competition, equal participation abilities, responsive, by the people for the people, majority rule with minority rights
Term
Conditions of Democratic success
Definition
Higher income, strong middle class, civic society, nationalism, security, neutral rule of law, capitalism, protest and civil liberty protection
Term
Consociationalism
Definition
Power-sharing form of government for deeply divided societies
Term
Identity
Definition
Any social category in which one is eligible to be a member
Term
How does identity affect globalization
Definition
Could lead to cultural homogenization, creation of a world culture. Also could cause more nonpolarity and nationalism. Global identity lessens smaller classifications
Term
Attributes of Identity
Definition
Changes where you are, pluralist, identities constructed over time, depends on if you are identifying yourself, emotional attachment
Term
Why identity matters
Definition
Affects trust, violence/war, political stability, voting preferences, economic development/allocation
Term
Ethnic group
Definition
Named human population with myths of common ancestry, elements of common culture, a homeland
Term
Primordialism
Definition
Identity is ancestral, non-changeable, identities have been the way they are for a long time, strong emotional attachments
Term
Constructivist view of Identity
Definition
Identities can change meaning over time, are socially constructed, they are dynamic
Term
Instrumentalism
Definition
Identities are chosen for allocation of resources, ethnic groups are vehicles to pursue interests
Term
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
Definition
A company takes its capital and invests in a fixed asset in another country
Term
Ways of conceptualizing development
Definition
GDP, PPP, Human Development Index, Millennium Development Goals
Term
GDP
Definition
Total market value of all goods and services produced in a given country in a year
Term
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)
Definition
Basket of goods, measures what you can buy with your currency
Term
Human Development Index
Definition
Compares PPP, education, life expectancy
Term
Millennium Development Goals
Definition
How countries progress on ending poverty/hunger, education, gender equality, child/maternal health, HIV prevalence, environmental stability, aid committments
Term
When globalization works
Definition
Sectors gain from market actions AND domestic policy context, good timing, export sectors, investment in human capital and infrastructure
Term
Wage Gap
Definition
Point in time when labor costs are large enough in difference between manufacturing and outsourcing in various nations, that you make the jump to the next nation.
Term
Economies of Agglomeration
Definition
Once there is a first mover, it is easier and cheaper for other countries/companies to make the same move, start developing an area
Term
Keynesianism
Definition
States stimulate/generate demand in economy, especially during crisis times - invest in infrastructure, even if it means major debt
Term
Modernization in economic development
Definition
Invest in education, media, health, infrastructure would naturally diversify economy
Term
Autarky/Import Substitution Industrialization
Definition
Seal off borders, support infant domestic industries using strong tariffs/trade barriers
Term
World Systems Theory
Definition
Core(rich) and peripheral(poor) countries where the economic benefits accrue in core, with less and less getting to peripheral
Term
State Led Development and its problems
Definition
States are vehicles for economic growth, provide capital to be able to compete. States were too corrupt, there was bureaucratic inefficiency, and public institutions simply interfered with the economic market system
Term
Washington Consensus/Market Fundamentalism and its problems
Definition
Deregulation, faith in the free markets - lack of social aid, not unique to specific situations, too sudden (shocks), didn't help politics/policy
Term
Structural Adjustment Program (SAP)
Definition
Process of getting government out of industry - stabilize, privatize, liberalize. Open up trade, have price liberalization.
Term
Hybrid model of development
Definition
Markets drive growth, states invest in human capital and infrastructure, necessity of "good governance" and rule of law
Term
Collier's poverty traps
Definition
Conflict (wars, civil wars), natural resources, landlocked with bad neighbors, bad governance
Term
Poverty Lab
Definition
Evidence-based, practical approaches to solving economic problems by use of randomized trials and field experiments
Term
Origins of Financial Crisis
Definition
Global expansion of wealth, growth of credit, housing crisis (bad mortgages), too much derivative action
Term
Effects of Financial Crisis (short-term)
Definition
Collapse of major financial institutions, drastic fall of stocks and bonds, uneven global effects
Term
Effects of Financial Crisis (long-term)
Definition
Rethinking of market fundamentalism (creation of hybrid model/capitalism 4.0?), degregulation seen as the problem, increase in government intervention, oversight, regulation, end of unipolarity, reform of inefficient IOs
Term
Reasons for China's Rise
Definition
Deng Xiopeng begins economic reforms in 1977. Cooperation with state and private sectors, with no regards to labor standards. Manipulation of currency. No environmental policies, winning "race to the bottom", soft power diplomacy
Term
Reasons for India's Rise
Definition
Break out of "Hindu Rate of Growth", breaking out of the closed, ISI heavy style of economics, becoming more mixed, delicensing (makes private growth easier), embracing IT, call centers, western linkages and English language, agressive restructured private sector, heavy population under 25, multi-polar world shift
Term
Social Capital
Definition
Something that matters in society, that gives you a better social status
Term
Social Capital
Definition
Something that matters in society, that gives you a better social status
Term
Collier's Three Processes of Globalization
Definition
Trade in Goods, Flows of capital, migration of people
Term
Capitalism 1.0
Definition
Laissez-Faire Economics, government and markets are completely separate, government should only do taxes. Ends with Great Depression
Term
Capitalism 2.0
Definition
Heavy government regulation and oversight in markets, New Deal policies, government guides the markets, Keynesianism. Ends after hyperinflation and mass debt
Term
Capitalism 3.0
Definition
De-regulations, let the markets work. Market fundamentalism, with minimal government intervention. Ends with Great Recession
Term
Capitalism 4.0
Definition
Hybrid model between government and markets. Markets drive growth, governments step in when market fails. Requires increased cooperation between markets and governments
Term
Criticisms of Poverty Lab
Definition
Requires a lot of man-hours, can results be applied anywhere else? Is it really economics? Can we find long-term effects?
Term
Globalization
Definition
Expansion, concentration, and acceleration of worldwide relations
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