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Definition
| the combined processes of capital accumulation, rising per capita incomes (with consequent falling birthrates), the increasing skills in the population, the adoption of new technological styles, and other related social and eocnomic changes |
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| newly industrializing countries (NICs) |
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Definition
| third world states that have achieved self-sustaining cspital accumulation, with impressive economic growht. The most successful are the "four tigers" or "four dragons" of East Asia: South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore |
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Definition
| a strategy of developing local industries, often conducted behind protectionist barriers, to produce items that a country had been importing |
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| an economic development strategy that seeks to develop industries capable of competing in specific niches in the world economy |
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| the overall relationship between prices fo imported and exported goods |
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| those modes of business, such as black markets and street vendors, operating beyond state control; some scholars see this sector as the core of a new development strategy |
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| the use of very small loans to small groups of individuals, often women, to stimulate economic development |
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Definition
| poor countries' loss of skilled workers to rich countries |
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Definition
| third world states' acquisition of techonology (knowledge, skills, methods, designs, specialized equipment, etc.) from foreign sources, usually in conjunction with direct foreign investment or similar business operations |
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| the massive transfer of agricultural technology, such as high-yield seeds and tractors, to third world countries that began in the 1960s |
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Definition
| an obligation to make regular interest payments and repay the principal of a loan according to its terms, which is a drain on many third world economies |
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| the failure to make scheduled debt payments |
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Definition
| a reworking of the terms on which a loan will be reapid; frequently negotiated by third world debtor governments in order to avoid default |
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| a group of first world governments that have loaned money to third world governments; it meets periodically to work out terms of debt renegotiations. Private creditors meet as the London Club |
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Definition
| an agreement to loan IMF funds on the condition that certain government policies are adopted. Dozens of third world states have entered into such agreements with the IMF in past two decades |
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Term
| New International Economic Order (NIEO) |
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Definition
| a third world effort begun in the mid-1970s, mainly conducted in UN forums, to advocate restructuring of the world economy so as to make North-South economic transactions nless unfavorable to the South |
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| money or other aid made available to third world states to help them speed up economic development or meet humanitarian needs. Most foreign assistance is provided by government and is called official development assistance (ODA) |
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| Development Assistance Committee (DAC) |
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Definition
| a committee whose members--consisting of states from Western Europe, North America, and Japan/Pacific--provide 95 percent of official development assistance to countries of the global South |
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Definition
| government assitance that goes directly to the third world governments to state-to-state aid |
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Definition
| government foreign aid from several states that goes through a third party, such as the UN or other agency |
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Term
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Definition
| started by President John Kennedy in 1961, it provides U.S. volounteers for techinical development assistance in third world states |
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| UN Development Program (UNDP) |
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Definition
| It coordinates the flow of multilateral development assistance and manages 5,000 projects at once around the world |
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Definition
| the provision of short-term relief in the form of food, water, shleter, clothing, and other essentials to people facing natural disasters |
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| in the developing context, it refers to the grassroots efforts of poor people to gain power over their situation and meet their basic needs |
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| a private charitable group that works with local third world communities to determine the needs of their own people and to carry out development projects. Oxfam does not operate these projects but provides funding to local organizations to cary them out |
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