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| An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit |
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| political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs |
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| capitalist class whom owns the means of production |
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| working class that sells their labor |
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| between "North" (wealthy) and "South (least developed countries); South produces raw materials (volatile prices) while the North buys them (stable prices).... then South buys manufactured goods which leave them in debt. |
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| Leadership or dominance, esp. by one country or social group. |
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| How does hierachy apply to critical theory? |
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| • Hierarchy exists both within and between states; Wealth, political language creates unequal stratification among countries; created by economic groups/class of people. |
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| How does Lenin believe capitalist practices lead to colonalism and imperialist conflicts? |
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| • Overproduction/under-consumption, combined with demand for profit, leads capitalist countries to compete for new markets and resources in colonies abroad |
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| o Our self-image and self-esteem are tightly linked to social groups we belong to; comparisons of our groups with others inform beliefs about the world |
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| group decision-making increases number of perspectives, level of expertise |
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| group members find importance in group cohesion and loyalty above all else; exaggerated sense of security; artificially limit number of options to choose from |
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| bureaucracies which are supposed to enact the foreign policy programs of principals |
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| senior government leaders. |
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| senior government leaders. |
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| a limitation of views or interests like that defined by a local parish |
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| would internationalize control over atomic energy under the UN |
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| when parties are uncertain of probability of victory and costs of fighting |
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| trust that an agreement between states will last overtime |
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| Civil wars caused by motives for financial gain; Rebels fight to control corrupt institutions, obtain special economic privileges, or receive bribes from current rulers; Cold War patronage gave some countries little incentive to protect individual economics rights |
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| Civil wars caused by perceptions of injustice and/or relative deprivation by one or more domestic groups; political exclusion |
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| Do large endowments of natural resources provide extra incentives to fight? ; Diamonds and oil in Africa; timber in Cambodia; cocaine in Colombia, etc. |
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Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty: Nuclear weapons states can’t transfer
arms; non-nuclear states can’t accept
them; Peaceful use of nuclear energy
allowed with safeguards |
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| used because groups aren't strong enough for direct conflict |
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