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| manner in which society adapts its behavior |
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| how individuals relate to the environment (attitude towards time, space, possessions, peers |
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| Used for communication in a culture (written, spoken, nonverbal) |
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| language used in conversation, and in writing. Problems are translations to words, and miscommunication. Good translation is expensive, so that is another problem. |
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| Body language, facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, and silence. |
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| Relationship between physical space and process of communication. This has to do with your personal “bubble” and space that you don’t want people to invade |
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| The use or avoidance of eye contact during communication |
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| - Timing of verbal exchanges. Americans like prompt responses and do not like slow response or silence. |
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| Use of touch while conversing. Latinos will use this while most Americans do not. |
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| movement of the body to communicate. Americans do this very little compared to Italians and and French. |
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| - Soft handshake and avoid eye contact= respect |
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| kiss woman’s hand, kiss man on cheek |
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| central&south america, france, mexico |
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Definition
| kiss on the cheek is needed |
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| - men and women do not touch unless it is your spouse, and tipping your hat is inappropriate |
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| not proper to cross your legs and show the sole of your shoe |
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| it is not good to point. Must give directions with full hand |
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| nonverbal aspects of speech that include accents, quality of voice, emotional intonation. |
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| long robe, head cover. Same for women |
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| use of odor to convey messages. Normally have a religious meaning, and is used to clear the air of evil. Will most likely see this in a church or in someone’s home |
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| work Monday- Friday and a half day Saturday |
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| businesses are closed on Fridays |
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| the Shabbos (Saturday) is day of worship when businesses are closed. No business is conducted during the high holidays. |
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| business is slow during this time (cannot eat until sundown |
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| channel business so that women only interact with other women |
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| salesman cannot go door-to-door to sell things, and women are not allowed to drive. They rely on the man to drive them and conduct the business |
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| women cannot be in advertisements unless it is of their covered arms and wrists to show how a product is used |
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| • When magazines are brought in, marker is used to black out her uncovered body and face |
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| women should not be portrayed sleeveless |
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| you can see Wonderbra billboards |
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| process where individuals learn the beliefs and behaviors endorsed by their own cultures |
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| abandoning all home-country traditions while learning a new cultur |
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| what one must or must not do in a certain culture |
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| activities that are only appropriate for locals and not foreigners |
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| Activities that foreigners may participate in |
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| workers have big lunch with family and a nap before going back to work |
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| get 2 week break for Easter, break in February, and several saint’s days in march and may. Family vacation is in latter part of July, all of August, and last 2 weeks of December. |
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| not good to give alcohol because of Islamic traditions. Bringing food or drink in to someone’s house is also not good. Giving the gift in public is preferred so it doesn’t look like a bribe |
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| giving a handkerchief is not good, and giving cutlery |
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| odd amount of flowers is okay, even amount is not (opposite of US) |
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| may refuse gift multiple times before accepting |
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| Individual’s conscious and unconscious reference to their own national culture and norms |
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| perceive American’s as imposing on their way of life |
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| belief that a particular culture is better than another and strategies used in that culture will work just as well abroad |
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| the belief that buying foreign products is wrong because it hurts the domestic economy |
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