Term
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Definition
| study of the health of people who live in developing countries |
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Term
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Definition
sometimes used interchangeable with "international health" and other times global health referes to transnational health; health concerns that cross borders.
Modern transportation allows infectious diseases to spread across the world at an alarming rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." |
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Term
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Definition
| concerned with the health of populations. Public Health workers aim to prevent illness, injury, and death at the population level by identifying & mitigating health hazards |
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Term
Mortality versus Morbidity
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Definition
Mortality = death
Morbidity = illness
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Term
| Unmodifiable Risk Factors |
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Definition
| Factors that cannot be changed such as age, ethnicity, and genetic tendencies for certain diseases |
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Term
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Definition
| Include the lifestyle choices a person makes (smoking, exercising, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
| study of the distribution and causes of health and illness in populations |
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Term
Descriptive Epidemiology
&
Analytic Epidemiology |
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Definition
Descriptive - study of disease distribution
Analytic - study of disease determinants |
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Term
| Illnesses are categorized by 3 primary characteristics |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| An exposure that increases the likelihood of contracting an infection, sustaining an injury, or developing a chronic disease condition |
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Term
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Definition
| methods include immunizations, improved nutrition, safety devices, health education, any interventions that reduce susceptibility to infection, injury, disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Reduce severity and minimize the extent of disability and the risk of premature death. Early detection and prompt intervention are key components |
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Term
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Definition
| Goal is rehabilitation that seeks to maximize function and palliative care that works to minimize pain |
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Term
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Definition
| differences in health experience and health status |
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Term
| Health Inequalities & Effect on Global Populations |
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Definition
gaps between rich and poor, ages and sexes.
high-income countries - 6/1000 children die before 5
low-income countries - 88/1000 childen die before 5 |
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Term
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Definition
| study of the process of disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Study of the origin of disease |
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Term
| Noncommunicable Conditions |
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Definition
| Diseases that are not contagious such as cancers, endocrine disorders, neurological/psychological disorders, heart disease, etc |
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Term
| A chemical that can cause a mutation and lead to cancer is a _________ & the process of cancer development is ____________. |
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Definition
| Carcinogen & Carcinogenesis |
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Term
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Definition
| Diseases caused by infectious agents such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and helminths (worms) and can be passed from infected person to susceptible person |
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Term
| Socioeconomic Status (SES) |
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Definition
Indicates a person's (or family's) position in a society based on social, economic, and educational characteristics.
Measurement such as ownership of various assets, type of education, residential area, health, etc. |
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Term
| Human Development Index (HDI) |
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Definition
| Estimate of national development based on composite data on longevity (life expectancy, knowledge, income)...all inextricably linked to health status. |
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Term
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Definition
| measure of the inequality in the distribution of incomes within a particular country |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to understand written words well enough to complete normal tasks. Literacy allows people to acquire health information and navigate health systems. |
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Term
| Causes in death in children under 5 |
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Definition
neonatal causes
respiratory infections (ARI's like pneumonia)
diarrheal diseases
malaria
measles
HIV/AIDS
Injuries
other causes |
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Term
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Definition
| Infection of the lungs - occurs when part of the lung fills with liquid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Increase in the volume of stool or the frequency of defacation and can quickly cause dehydration and death |
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Term
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Definition
| A parasitic infrection spread by the bites of infected mosquitoes. Presents with a fever and flu like symptoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| A highly contagious viral infrection that is spread from one person to another through air or by contact with body secretions from the nose or throat of people with the infection. Symptoms include fever, runny nose, cough, sore eyes, followed by a rash that starts on the face and spreads down the body. |
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Term
| Health status of minority populations tends to be ______ than that of the majority populations |
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Definition
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Term
| Immigrants and health care |
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Definition
| some immigrants experience an increase in access, others experience reduced access. |
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Term
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Definition
| Some immigrants have special refugee status. A refugee is a person who has been forced to involuntarily move b/c of security concerns like war, social conflict, political strife, persecution, etc. |
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Term
| Internationally Displaced Person (IDP) |
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Definition
| A person who has fled their community b/c of civil war, famine, natural disaster, or another crisis. IDP's may have the same health needs as refugees but are not afforded the same protection/assistance. |
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Term
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Definition
| many people entering prison already have a history with health problems. Severe overcrowding, poor ventilation, poor nutrition, unhygienic conditions, lack of access to medical care, abuse by guards, and prisoner on prisoner violence facilitate the spread of infections and are NOT part of a prisoner's sentence. |
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Term
| Persons with Mental Illness |
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Definition
| mental illnesses include anxiety disorders, mood disorders, impulse-control disorders, substance abuse, and schizophrenia, and other delusional disorders. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most aging people will eventually develop chronic health conditions that limit mobility and function. Most common are cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, cancer, COPD, arthritis/osteoporosis, dementia, depression, and vision and hearing impairments. |
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