Term
| what is the rationale behind a FASTING lipid panel? |
|
Definition
| chylomicrons are 85% triglyceride |
|
|
Term
| why are there massively high triglycerides in pt w DKA |
|
Definition
| lipoprotein lipase that moves trig into cells needs insulin to work |
|
|
Term
| why do pts w malnutrition get Fatty liver? |
|
Definition
| < protein levels = no apoprotein carriers for cholesterol/triglycerides synthesized in the liver. |
|
|
Term
| 5 meds that increase lipids: |
|
Definition
1. birth control
2. diuretics
3. beta blockers
4. HIV drugs
5. Accutane (vit A) |
|
|
Term
| 4 secondary causes of HLD |
|
Definition
1. nephrotic
2. hypothyroid
3. EtOH
4. DM |
|
|
Term
| LDL goal for CAD and DM pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nml level for Triglycerides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cholesterol medicine contraindicated in hypertriglyceridemia: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| drugs strictly for hypertriglycerids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Estrogen therapy for postmenopause helpful in preventing HD? |
|
Definition
| No... increases r/o MI, CVA, BCA |
|
|
Term
| 5 components to metabolic syndrome |
|
Definition
1. abd obesity
2. hyperlipiemia
3. HTN
4. insulin (r)
5. low HDL |
|
|
Term
| vasculitis assoc w Hep B and cryoglobulinemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| presentation of Henoch Schonlein |
|
Definition
1. abd pain
2. rash
3. hematuria
4. occurs in Kids usually post URI |
|
|
Term
| sinusitis, hemoptysis, kidney failure: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| serum markers for Wegener's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| old woman, HA, jaw claudication, visual changes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 causes of pulsus paridoxicus: |
|
Definition
1. asthma
2. cardiac tamponade
3. restrictive pericarditis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increse in JVD with inspiration |
|
|
Term
| first line tx for heart failure: |
|
Definition
| ACEi, then BB, consider AICD |
|
|
Term
| first line tx for diastolic HF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| med that decreases mortality in Blacks w CHF |
|
Definition
| hydralazine + nitrate combo |
|
|
Term
| 4 causes of high output heart failure: |
|
Definition
1. graves
2. AV fistula
3. BeriBeri
4. Anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. sx w extreme activity
2. sx w ordinary exertion
3. sx w less than ordinary exertion
4. sx at rest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| variant of ischemic pain that is caused by smm vasocx instead of CAD. usually in women, tx w CCB |
|
|
Term
| CAD c CP... what is MONA? what is BASH |
|
Definition
1. Morphine - vasodiation/pain control
2. Oxygen - increase O2 to heart
3. Nitro - vasodilate
4. ASA - anti-plt (improves outcome)
1. BB
2. ACEi
3. Statin
4. Heparin + Plavix |
|
|
Term
| structural defect that causes persistent ST elevations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| large R wave and ST depression in V1 V2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which leads show R coronary aa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which leads show circumflex aa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which leads show L anterior descending aa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| thrombolytics should be admin within __ hrs from onset of CP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC heart defect in Down's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ventricular septal defect |
|
|
Term
| #1 cyanotic congenital heart dz |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 components of tetrology of falot |
|
Definition
1. VSD
2. Over riding aorta
3. Pulm stenosis
4. RVH |
|
|
Term
| rheumatic fever JONES criteria |
|
Definition
J: joints
O: Carditis
N: nodules
E: erythema marginatum
S: sydenham's chorea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| BB if sx and SBE prophylaxis if murmur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| #1 cause of myocarditis, pericarditis, and pleuritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| drug that causes myocarditis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 etiologies of pericarditis: |
|
Definition
1. viruses
2. radiation therapy
3. post MI |
|
|
Term
| what condition show diffuse ST elevation on EKG? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. hypotension
2. JVD
3. distant heart sounds
all for pericardial tamponade treated with pericardiocentesis |
|
|
Term
| 4 causes for dilated cardiomyopathy: |
|
Definition
1. viral
2. ETOH
3. postpartum
4. adriamycin |
|
|
Term
| 3 findings in dilated cardiomyopathy |
|
Definition
1. arrhythmias
2. emboli
3. low voltage on EKG |
|
|
Term
| tx for dilated cardiomyopathy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 6 things that can cause a low voltage EKG |
|
Definition
1. obesety
2. COPD
3. dilated cardiomyopathy
4. hypothyroidism
5. pericardial effusion
6. amyloid plaque |
|
|
Term
| atosomal dominant, syncope, sudden death with arrhythmias, valsalva/decrease return increases the murmur |
|
Definition
| hypertrophic, obstructive cardiomyopathy treat with BB |
|
|
