Term
|
Definition
| <1% = prerenal, >2% = intrarenal (ATN, inbetween can be either |
|
|
Term
| vegetarians urine: acid or alkaline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| alkalinization of urine is recommended in which overdose cases |
|
Definition
1.phenobarbitol
2.salicylate
3.TCAs
4.cocaine
5. antihistamines
6. and more |
|
|
Term
| a positive dipstick urine protein is apx how much protein in 24hrs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if urine is positive for glucose then serum glucose is usually greater than: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| urine + for blood with none under microscope = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| evaluation of microscopic hematuria is needed when: |
|
Definition
1. present in 2/3 specimens
2. >100/hpf |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glomerulonephritis; get bx of kidney |
|
|
Term
| crystals in urine associated with crohn's and antifreeze ingestion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal range for urine Na+ and urine osm |
|
Definition
| urine Na <40 and urine osm <500 |
|
|
Term
| what % of kidney stones are radio-opaque? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypercalcemia with thiazide diuretic |
|
|
Term
| stones less than __mm have a high likihood of passing on their own |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does post-strep GN come after pharyngitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| autoimmune that can cause a glomerulonephritis |
|
Definition
1. Lupus
2. goodpastures (lungs too)
3. wegner's |
|
|
Term
| complement proteins: low or high during a lupus flare? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hereditary nephritis and nerve deffness: |
|
Definition
| Alport syndrome (mormons) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment for goodpastures |
|
Definition
| steroids and plasmapheresis |
|
|
Term
| primary cause of nephrotic disease in childrenL |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| complications of nephrotic disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primary cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults |
|
Definition
| membraneous glomerulonephropathy (85% idiopathic) |
|
|
Term
| secondary causes of membraneous glomerulonephropathy: |
|
Definition
1. infection (such as HBV)
2. drugs (captopril, NSAIDs)
3. cancer (lung and colon)
4. autoimmune (such as lupus) |
|
|
Term
| metabolic gap acidosis, hypocalcemia with >>PTH, uremia +/- pericarditis, |
|
Definition
| chronic glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| ATN most commonly caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| drug induced tubulointerstitial disease... what test to order |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aminoglycosides + loop diuretics |
|
Definition
| ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity |
|
|
Term
| drug that causes distal RTA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 10 secondary causes of HTN |
|
Definition
1. cushings
2. pheo
3. conn's (primary aldosteronism)
4. birth control
5. ETOH
6. cocaine
7. sleep apnea
8. nicotine
9. NSAIDs
10. decongestants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| first line drug for primary HTN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| first line therapy for stage 2 HTN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| first line tx for HTN in CHF, Post-MI, Chronic Renal Dz |
|
Definition
CHF = ACEi, BB
DM = ACEi
MI = BB
CKD = ACEi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diastolic >140 with end organ damage (eyes, brain, heart, kidneys) |
|
|
Term
| treatment for malignant HTN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| flank pain with hematuria in pt with Afib |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| causes of hydronephrosis in men/women |
|
Definition
men: BPH
women: cervical/endometrial CA |
|
|
Term
| complcations drainage of dilated bladder. |
|
Definition
| rapid drainage of dilated bladder can cause major hemorrhage |
|
|
