Term
| describe Fe, TIBC, %sat, and ferritin in Iron def anemia |
|
Definition
Fe: low
TIBC: high
%sat: low
Ferritin: low (diagnostic) |
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Term
| esophageal complication of chronic iron def |
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Definition
| esophageal webs: usually distal to cricoid, cause dysphagia (solds>liquids), reflux, aspiration |
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Term
| presentation of iron def anemia |
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Definition
1. palpitations
2. fatigue
3. HA
4. pica
5. glossitis
6. nail changes |
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|
Term
| how can ferritin be nml or high in an iron def state |
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Definition
| it is an acute phase reactant; elevated in inflammation |
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Term
| most specific test of iron def |
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Definition
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|
Term
| best initial test to distinguis iron def from anemia of chronic disease is |
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Definition
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|
Term
| microcytosis: early or late finding in iron def anemia |
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Definition
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|
Term
| bone marrow storage form of iron |
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Definition
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Term
| made in the liver to transport iron to bone marrow |
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Definition
| transferrin; high in iron def |
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Term
|
Definition
| GI upset, constipatioin, black stools |
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Term
| how long to continue iron replacement for iron def anemia |
|
Definition
| months after anemia is resolved to replinish bone marrow stores |
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Term
| women prob that contributes most to iron def |
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Definition
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Term
| #1 cause of massive lower GI bleeds in adults |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 3 key risks for polyps becoming cancerous |
|
Definition
1. villious component
2. >2cm
3. sessile polyps |
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Term
| anemia of chronic disease is associated with which 4 conditions |
|
Definition
1. infection (bacteria use iron)
2. inflammation (SLE, RA, etc)
3. cancers (4. |
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|
Term
| what is the hgb range for anemia of chronic disease> |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| anemia of chronic disease: retic count, iron, TIBC, %sat, ferritin |
|
Definition
retic: low
Iron: low
TIBC: low
%sat: low
Ferritin: nml - high (acute phase reactant) |
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Term
| can u b demented and have neuropathy without anemia in B12 def? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
1. anti-parietal and intrinsic Factor Abs
2. partial gastrectomy
3. impaired fxn of ileum
4. drugs (metformin) |
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|
Term
| b12 injection effects on plts |
|
Definition
| thrombocytosis, give ASA with B12 inj for anti-plt therapy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| conditions that cause Folate def |
|
Definition
1. prego
2. ETOHism
3. Crohn's
4. CEliac's
5. sulfasalazine (UC med)
6. methotrexate (DMARD)
7. hemolytic anemia |
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|
Term
| splenic complication associated with SC anmeia |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what on perf smear indicates there may have been splenic infartion in a sc pt |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| virus in SC pts that can cause aplastic crisis with a retic count of 0 |
|
Definition
| parvovirus b19 (fiths dz) |
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|
Term
| penile complication of SC anemia |
|
Definition
| priapism. SC cluster where blood cannot escape |
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|
Term
| MSK complication of SC anemia |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| 3 things that can cause SC crisis |
|
Definition
1. infection
2. hypoxia
3. dehydration |
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Term
| important vaccine for SC pts |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| medication to induce fetal hgb production during SC crisis |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| IVF (hypotonic), pain medicaiton, hydroxyurea |
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|
Term
| microcytosis out of proportion to anemia, target cells |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| labs affected by hemolytic anemia: |
|
Definition
1. >LDH
2. >indirect hgb
3. nml to > MCV
4. >retic
5. 6. >iron |
|
|
Term
| ITP: etiology, %splenomegaly, |
|
Definition
etiology: IGG ab to plts s/p viral infection
30% have splenomegally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. steroids
2. IVIG
4. splenectomy |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| IVIG places neg fb onto plasma B cells producing anti-plt ab |
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|
Term
|
Definition
FEVER
ANEMIA
THROMBOCYTOPENIA
RENAL INSUF
NEURO CHANGES
TTP |
|
|
Term
| what type of anemia with TTP? |
|
Definition
| possible hemolytic with schistocytes |
|
|
Term
| what bacteria may b associated with TTP |
|
Definition
| E. coli 0157h7 - hemolytic uremic syndrome |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
1st: desmopressin (ADH) - causes F8 release from platelets
2. cryo
3. F8 concentrate |
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|
Term
| tx for heparin induced thrombocytopenia |
|
Definition
| argatroban or hirudin and stop all heparins |
|
|
Term
| first coagulopathy assoc w liver disease |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| pts with liver disease induced coagulopathy: tx for coagulopathy |
|
Definition
| FFP; Vit K won't work to produce extrinsic clotting factors in diseased liver. |
|
|
Term
| which are the Vit K dependent factors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. sepsis
2. obstetrics
3. burns |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| how does FV leiden cause xs clotting/ |
|
Definition
| FV activates FX which activates thrombin to cleave fibrinogen into fibrin. Prot-C acts on FV inhibiting that cascade. The leiden form of FV cannot b deactivated by Prot-C = hypercoag |
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|
Term
| what age do hypercoag pts usually prsent by? |
|
Definition
| before age 40-50, have +Fhx and recurrent DVT |
|
|
Term
| what are the instances when checking tests for hypercoag would not be beneficial? |
|
Definition
1. during a thrombus pro-c, pro-s, ATII will all be decreased d/t using up from the clot
2. heparin tx lowers ATIII; have to have 2wk drug free interval before testing |
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|
Term
| how do BCpills cause hypercoag |
|
Definition
| estrogens fibrinogen, >prothrombin, VII, VIII, and X |
|
|
Term
| arterial and venous clots, second trimester abortions |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| 4 indications for life-long coumadin |
|
Definition
1. anti-cardiolipin ab
2. 2 or more DVT
3. one near fatal event
4. ATIII deficiency |
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|
Term
| complications of Polycythemia vera |
|
Definition
1. CVA
2. thrombus
3. splenic infarct |
|
|
Term
| hallmark sign of polycythemia |
|
Definition
| pruritis after a hot shower |
|
|
Term
| how do you distinguish betweem polycythemia and RBC production compensating for hypoxia |
|
Definition
| EPO levels in polycythemia will be low |
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