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Intermediate Lab Transducers
Transducers descriptions
23
Physics
Undergraduate 2
03/23/2008

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Term
Thermistor
Definition
metal-oxide or semiconductor where the resistance changes with temperature.
Term
Platinum Resistance Temperature Detector
Definition

temperature co-efficient well known and linear.

Term
Thermocouple
Definition

made of two dissimilar metals which produce a potential which is proportional to temperature.

Term
Solid-State Temperature Transducers
Definition

– Integrated circuit designed for linear response to temperature.

Term
Photoresistor
Definition
cadmium sulfide which changes resistance when exposed to light.
Term
Photovoltaic Cell
Definition
solid-state device p-n junction which produces a potential (current) photons hit it.
Term
Photodiode
Definition
designed for fast response (detection) rather than power production.
Term
Phototransistor
Definition

more sensitive but slower than photodiodes.

Term
Photomultiplier
Definition
multi-stage electron amplification of electrons emitted from a photosensitive cathode.
Term
Strain Gauge
Definition
deforms and changes resistance
Term
Piezoelectric
Definition

Crystal that creates a potential when deformed.

Term
Potentiometer
Definition
variable resistor with mechanical turns
Term
Linear Variable Differential Transformer
Definition

two coils which have variable overlap depending upon the position of one moving coil.

Term
Ultrasonic
Definition

high frequency sound waves that bounce off of a surface and the transit time is measured to determine distance.    (autofocus cameras)

 

Term
Capacitive Input Transducer
Definition

·       parallel plates that move relative to one another changing the capacitance.

Term
Pressure
Definition

diaphragm with strain gauge or piezo-electric device.

Term
Pirani gauge
Definition

monitors the heat conduction away from a resistor.

Term
Ionization gauge
Definition

accelerated electrons ionize the residual gas.  The current is proportional to the amount of gas.

Term
Humidity
Definition
conductivity changes with humidity
Term
Magnetic Field 
Definition

·       Hall effect – field creates a potential across a small conductor.

Term
Geiger-Muller Tube
Definition
wire in a ionized gas.
Term
Scintillation Counters
Definition
fluorescent light detected
Term
Solid-State detectors
Definition

semiconductor designed to be sensitive to ionizing particles that create a small current.

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