Integumentary System

(Functions, Structure, Epidermis)

1. Protective

2. keeps H2O & other precious molecules n d   body

3. Keeps water out

4. Insulates & cushions the deeper body organs and protects from mechanical,

                   chemical damage,

                   thermal,

                   UV and bacteria.

Play an important role in regulating hear loss from

the body surface.

Skin's rich capillary network and sweat glands

The uppermost layer of the skin is full of ____ and is _____, to help prevent water loss from the body surface.

Keratin, cornified

Acts as a mini-excretory systeml urea, salts and water are lost when we sweat.

SKIN

Manufactures several proteins important to

immunity and synthesizes vitamin D.

SKIN

Located in the skin, which are actually part of the

nervous system.

CUTANEOUS SENSORY

 RECEPTORS

Tiny sensors that provide us with a great deal of information about our external environment.

 touch, pressure

temperature, receptors

The skin is composed of two kinds of tissue.

 epidermis

dermis

hypodermis

Made of stratified squamous epithelium that is

capable of keratinizing or becoming hard and tough.

EPIDERMIS

Made up mostly of dense connective tissue.

DERMIS

Deep to the dermis is the _____ or _____, which is

essentially is adipose tissue.

SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE

HYPODERMIS

Serve as a shock absorber and insulates the deeper

tissues from extreme temperature changes 

occurring outside the body.

subcutaneous tissue

Responsible for the curves that are more a part of a

woman's anatomy than a mans'

subcutaneous tissue

What are the five layers of the epidermis?

(From the inside out )

                stratum BASALE..........(germinativum)

                stratum SPINOSUM

                stratum GRANULOSUM

                stratum LUCIDUM

                stratum CORNEUM

The epidermis is ____, that is, it has no blood

supply of its own.

Which explains why a man can shave daily and not bleed even though he cuts off many cell layers each time he shaves.

AVASCULAR

Most of the epidermis are _____, which produce

keratin, the fibrous protein that makes the

epidermis tough protective layer.

keratinocytes

(keratin cells)

The deepest cell laer of the epidermis, lies closest to the dermis and is connected to it along a wavy borderline that resembles corrugated cardboard.

stratum basale

(germinativum)

epidermal cells

In what superficial layer that the epidermal cells

become of it, and become flatter and increasingly

full of keratin.

           stratum spinosum

           stratum granulosum

The epidermal cell die and forming the clear ____.

stratum lucidum

(compatum)

Where the stratum lucidum can be found?

skin is hairless and extra thick

•  
  •  
    • eg. palms of the hand
    • eg. soles of the feet

 The outermost layer which is 20 to 30 cell layers thick but it accounts for about three-quarters of the epidermal thickness.

stratum corneum

The shinglelike dead cell remnants, completely filled with keratin.

cornified or horny cells

Exceptionally tough protein, which is abundant in stratum corneum allows that layer to provide a durable overcoat for the body.

keratin

A pigment that ranges in color from yellow to brown  to black.

Melanin

A special spider-shaped cells that produced

melanin, found chiefly in the stratum basale.

melanocytes

 A membrane granules, where the melanin, produced by melanocytes, accumulates. These granules move to the ends of the spidery arms of the melanocytes, where they are taken by the nearby keratinocytes.

melanosomes