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Details

Integ Test 1
Drugs
61
Pharmacology
Professional
04/04/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Minoxidil (rogaine)
Definition
stimulates hair growth
Term
Finasteride (propecia)
Definition

 

inhibits 5-alpha-reductase, thus keeping terminal hair from turning into vellus hair

 

Term
Exanthem
Definition
Rash. Treat with antihistamines and corticosteroids
Term
Urticarial eruptions
Definition

 

hives. Treat with H1, H2 blockers and corticosteroids

 

Term
Photosensitive reaction
Definition

 

skin becomes sensitive to sun exposure because of exposure to drug. Heals in 1-2 days

 

Term
Alopecia
Definition

 

loss of hair due to toxic effect of drugs.

 

Term
Acneiformeruption
Definition

acne lesions due to exposure of a drug.

 Most likely contraceptives and corticosteroids.

Heals in 2-4 weeks

Term
Erythema nodusum
Definition

red painful nodules due to exposure of to drug

Heals in 2-3 weeks

Term
Exfoliative dermatitis
Definition

 

dry skin due to exposure of drugs.

Treat with fluids, antibiotics and steroids                                                       

Term
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)-
Definition

is life threatening caused by attack of CTL.

 Treat by stopping drug, corticosteroids, antihistamines and antibiotics

Term
Stevens-johnson syndrome
Definition

 

life threatening caused by CTLs.

 Big symptoms is hemorrhagic lesions on mouth

 

Term
Dermagraphism
Definition
hives produced by scratching
Term
Fexofenadine, desloratadine, loratadin, cetirizine
Definition
second generation H1 atnagonist
Term
Ranitidine
Definition
150mg BID
Term
Famotadine
Definition
20mg BID
Term
Hydroxyzine
Definition
10-25mg BID to QID for adults. <6 10mg BID to QID
Term
Diphenhydramine
Definition

 

25-50 mg BID for adults. <6 3.25 BID to QID. 6-12 12.5-25mg BID to QID

 

Term
Cetirizine
Definition
10mg QD to BID. <6 mg2.5 QD to BID. >6 5-10mg DQ
Term
Loratadine
Definition
10-20mg QD to BID. <6 5mg DQ.
Term
Prednisone
Definition
40mg DQ for 5-10 days. Tapered 60à40à20 QD 5 days each
Term
Methylprednisolone
Definition
6 4mg tabs day 1. Then decrease 1 tab for 6 days
Term
Dozepin
Definition
antidepressant used for chronic urticarial. 10-25mg TID
Term
Methotrexate
Definition
corticosteroid used for chronic urticarial
Term
Epinephrine
Definition

 

used for severe urticarial or acute with severe itching

 

Term
Zafirlukast
Definition

 

leukortriene inhibitor used for chronic urticarial. 20mg BID

 

Term
Dapsone
Definition
used for chronic urticarial. 25-100mg DQ
Term
Cyclosporine
Definition

 

used as a last resort for chronic urticarial. 4mg/kg for 4 weeks.

 

Term
Griseofulvin
Definition

 

antifungal that acts on microtubules and disrupts mitosis of fungi. Only used topically

 

Term
Terbinafine
Definition

PO antifungal that inhibits the conversion of squalene to lanosterol, causing cell membrane damage.

 Can cause liver toxicity

Term
Ketoconazole, miconazole, clotrimazole
Definition

 

imadazoles. Antifungal that blocks P450 sysnthesis of ergosterol causing membrane damage

 

Term
Fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole
Definition

 

triazoles.

 Antifungal that blocks P450 sysnthesis of ergosterol causing membrane damage

 

Term
Penicillin, cephalosporin, monobactam, carbapenems
Definition

 

antibiotics that are inhibitors of cell wall synthesis

 

Term
Tetracyclines, erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol
Definition

 

antibiotics that are protein sysntesis inhibitors

 

Term
Rifampin, quinolones, sulfonamides and trimethoprim
Definition

 

antibiotics that are inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis

 

Term
Daptomycin, polymixins
Definition
antibiotics that are inhibitors of cell membrane permeability
Term
Distal subungual onychomycosis
Definition
most common toenail infection. Infection is at tip of nail
Term
White superficial onychomycosis
Definition
toenail infection where nail becomes white, soft and dry.
Term
Proximal subungual onychomycosis
Definition

 

toenail infection where infection starts at bed of tonail.

Associated with immune suppression

 

Term
Candida onychomycosis
Definition

 

most common fingernail infection.

 Nails appear opaque yellow-brown

 

Term
Tinea pedis
Definition
athlete foot. Involves nails and surrounding skin of the toes.
Term
Griseofulvin
Definition

 

fungistatic for nail infections.

Not used often because of its adverse reaction. 500mg QD-BID

 

Term
Fluconazole (diflucan)-
Definition

 

fungistatic that is most used for nail infections.

Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol

 

Term
Intraconazole (sporanox)
Definition

 

fungistatic that inhibits synthesis of ergosterol.

Mostly used for candida infection.

 Give 200mg BID

 

Term
Terbinafine (Lamisil)
Definition

first line of therapy in private practive.

Is a fungicidal.

250mg QD

Term
Tinea capitis
Definition

 

ring worm of the scalp.

Needs at least oral treatment, but can do topical along with oral.

 

Term
Tinea barbae
Definition

 

infection in the beard.

 Have to use oral because topical will not reach hair follicles.

 

Term
Tinea corporis
Definition
ring worm infection on the trunk and limbs.
Term
Tinea cruris
Definition
jock itch.
Term
Lorrisone
Definition

 

steroid/antifungal combination of clotriamazole and betamethasone. It used for jock itch

 

Term
Mycology II
Definition

 

steroid/antifungal combination of nystatin and triamcinolone. Used for jock itch

 

Term
Tinea manuum
Definition

 

dry sking on the palms

 

Term
Tolnaftate (tinactin)
Definition

 

topical OTC medication that is used BID and comes in cream spray, powder, solution and ointment

 

Term
Clotriamizole (lotrimin)-
Definition

 

topical OTC medication that is used BID and comes in cream, powder, ointment, spray and solution

 

Term
Terbinafine (Lamisil)
Definition

 

topical OTC medication the is use D-BID and comes in cream or gell

 

Term
Termethrin 5%
Definition

 

the main topical treatment for scabies

 

Term
Ivermectin (stromectol)
Definition

systemic treatment for scabies.

 Used if topical therapy does not work

Term
Biobrane (bertek)
Definition
s a silicone bonded to a nylon mesh and is a burn dressing
Term
Silver sulfadiazine (silvadene)
Definition

 

most common agent used for burns.

1% suspension cream is used for burns.

 It fights G + and – bacteria, has decent penetration to eschar tissue but lacks good water solubility

 

Term
Mafenide acetate (sulfamylon)
Definition

comes in a cream and powder.

 Is  water soluble so if diffuses easily and penetrates eschar tissue.

 Best used when pt has contaminated burn.

Term
Silver nitrate
Definition

most important wet dressing.

 Good germicidal and stringent activity.

Term
Alliminum acetate
Definition
burrow’s solution. Wet dressing
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