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Instrumentation Certification
Instrumentation Certification Cards
26
Engineering
Professional
01/23/2011

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Term
controller
Definition
a device having an output that changes to regulate a controlled variable in a specific manner.
Term
control system
Definition
a system in which deliberate guidance or manipulation is used to achieve a predescribed value of a variable.
Term
set point
Definition
the desired value where the process should be maintained.
Term
control loop
Definition
any process whereby an instrument measures a factor(solution temperature) and those data are manipulated by a control device, which sends corrective data to a final control elemenet to appropriately adjust the factor: the process automatically repeats.
Term
signal
Definition
information in the form of a pneumatic pressure, and electric current, or mechanical position that carries information from one control loop component to another.
Term
software
Definition
collection of programs and routines associated with a computer
Term
final control element
Definition
conponent of a control system(valve) that directly regulates the flow of energy or material to the process.
Term
process
Definition
any function or operation used in the treatment of a material
Term
heat
Definition
thermal energy expressed in units of calories, or british thermal units (btu)
Term
process variable
Definition
any variable property of a process: the part of the process that changes and therefore needs to be controlled.
Term
flow rate
Definition
the speed or velocity of fluid movement
Term
automatic controller
Definition
a device or combination of devices that measures the value of the variable, quantity, or condition and operates to correct or limit deviation of this measured vale fom a selected reference.
Term
algorithm
Definition
a detailed set of instructions executed by the cental processing unit(cpu), which is the portion of a computer that decodes the instructions, performs the computations, and keeps order in the execution of programs
Term
controlling means
Definition
elements in a control system that contribute to the required corrective action
Term
analog
Definition
a continuous operation signal
Term
discrete
Definition
a control signal that is on or off / can refer to a instrument located by itself
Term
digital
Definition
a term applied to a signal or device that used binary digits to represent continuous valued or discrete states
Term
sensor
Definition
part of a loop or instrument that first senses the value of the process variable, also known as a detector or primary element
Term
calibration
Definition
process of adjusting an instrument or compiling a deviation chart so that its reading can be correlated to the actual value being measured
Term
automatic control system
Definition
an operable arrangement of one or more automatic controllers along with their associated equipment connected in closed loops with one or more processes.
Term
monitoring
Definition
observation of process variables for informational purposes only
Term
final control element
Definition
component of a control system(magnetic line starter) that directly regulates the flow of energy to a device in direct contact with a process material(hydraulic pump)
Term
instrument
Definition
a term used broadly to describe any device that performs a measuring or controlling function
Term
identification code
Definition
sequence of letters or digits or both, used to designate an individual instrument or loop
Term
primary element
Definition
that part of a loop or instrument that first senses the value of process variable. the sensor is also known as a detector or sensor
Term
alphanumeric
Definition
a character set that contains both letters and digits
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