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| Government in which one party controls the presidency while another party controls the Congress. |
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| THeory that upper class elites exercise over public policy. |
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| Term used by Madison to denote what we now call interest groups |
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| Appointing loyal party members to government positions |
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| The cycle in which a person alternately works for the public sector and private sector, thus blurring the individual's sense of loyalty |
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| Money that Congress has allocated to be spent |
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| Congressional committee that deals with federal spending |
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| Departments, agencies, bureaus, and commissions in the executive branch of government |
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| Concerns noncriminal disputes between private parties |
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| Lawsuit brought on behalf of a group of people against a defendent |
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| Rules COmmittee rule that bans amendments to a bill |
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| Senate motion to end a filibuster that requires a 3/5 vote |
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| Written by a Supreme Court Justice who voted with the majority, but for different reasons |
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| Works out a compromise between differing House-Senate versions of a bill |
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| The people who are represented by elected officials |
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| A motion to force a bill to the House floor that has been bottled up in a committee |
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| Written by a Supreme Court Justice who express a minority viewpoint in a case |
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| an agreement between the President and another head of state that, unlike a treaty, does not require Senate consent |
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| Presidential rule or regulation that has the force of law |
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| The privilege of a President and his staff to withhold their "privileged" conversations from Congress or the courts |
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| Nonstop Senate debate that prevents a bill from coming to a vote |
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| Allows members of Congress to send mail postage free |
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| Redrawing district lines to favor one party at the expense of the other |
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| Senate maneuvering that allows a Senator to stop or delay consideration of a bill or presidential appointment |
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| House action that formally charges an official with wrongdoing. Conviction requires 2/3 vote from the Senate |
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| Philosophy that the courts should take an active role in solving problems |
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| Philosophy that the courts should defer to elected lawmakers in setting policy, and should instead focus on interpreting law rather than making law |
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| Power of the courts to review the constitutionality of laws or government actions |
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| Wasteful congressional spending |
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| Minimum number of members needed for the House of Senate to meet |
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| Reallocation of House seats to the states on the basis of changes in state populations, as determined by the census |
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| Redrawing of congressional district boundaries by the party in power of the state legislature |
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| Complex rules and procedures required by bureaucratic agencies |
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| The Supreme Court will hear a case if four Justices agree to do so |
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| the "traffic cop" of the House that sets the legislative calendar and issues rules for debate on a bill |
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| Laws that automatically expire after a given time |
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| House committee that handles tax bills |
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| law that punishes a person who has not been convicted in a court of law |
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| a law that applies to an action that took place before the law was passed |
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| Cannot be kept in jail without reason |
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