Term
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Definition
| The study of the body's infection defense system |
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Term
| What are the three principal activities of the immune system? |
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Definition
Surveillance of the body
Recognition of foreign material
Destruction of foreign material |
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Term
| How does the immune system differentiate between self and non-self? |
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Definition
| Cell surfaces contain markers (usually proteins or sugars) that indicate whether the material is native or foreign. |
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Definition
| Provides a barrier against bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| Acts as a physical barrier between pathogens and underlying tissue |
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Definition
| Contain antimicrobial agents |
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Term
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Definition
| Beneficial microbes that crowd out bad ones |
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Term
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Definition
| A network of tissue fibers that hold somatic cells in place |
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Term
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Definition
| A fluid bath in which somatic cells sit |
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Term
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Definition
The fluid component of blood BEFORE clotting - 55% total volume.
92% water, 7% proteins, 1% salts, wastes, gases |
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Term
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Definition
The solid component of blood - makes up about 45%.
95% erithrocytes, 5% platelets, .1% white blood cells |
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Term
| What proteins can be found in plasma? |
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Definition
Antibodies (globulins)
Clotting factors
Albumin |
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Term
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Definition
| The fluid portion of blood left after the blood has clotted |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where do blood cells originate? |
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Definition
| In the bone marrow, from pluripotent hematopoetic stem cells. |
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Term
| What are the functions of the lymphatic system? |
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Definition
Providing immunity
Articulate between circulatory system, ECF, and RES
Mitigate inflammation |
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Term
| What are the components of the lymphatic system? |
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Definition
Lymph (fluid)
Vessels
Organs and tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| Meeting and activity sites for lymph and white blood cells, typically located at major vessel junctions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Serves as a blood filter - filters out pathogens with a large pool of resident macrophages. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Site of T cell maturation |
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Term
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Definition
| Lymphatic sites that function similar to lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
Nonspecific/Natural immunity.
Response is automatic and non-specific.
If innate immunity fails to clear the invader, adaptive immunity is called in. |
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Term
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Definition
| A way for the innate immune system to communicate with the adaptive immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| A class of white blood cells that release nonspecific toxic granules to destroy everything in the vicinity |
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Term
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Definition
| The most common leukocyte in circulation (~75%). They spend most of their time in tissues, and phagocytose invaders. |
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Term
| Basophils and eosinophils |
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Definition
| Destroy eukaryotes with toxic granules |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation and allergy response |
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Term
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Definition
| Any entity that elicits an immune response |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Collect whatever particles they run into and present the antigens to other immune cells. If it's self, the APC is ignored, but if it's foreign, an immune response is launched. |
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Term
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Definition
Phagocytoses pathogens or damaged cells
Secretes effector molecules to stimulate other cells to action |
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Term
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Definition
| The immature form of a macrophage |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulate other cells to action, and phagocytose pathogens or damaged cells |
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Term
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Definition
Releases toxic granules.
They target cancerous cells and virus-infected cells. |
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Term
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Definition
Plasma proteins that recognize and bind to foreign particles.
They can kill pathogens via membrane attack complex, opsonize them (for phagocytosis), or recruit inflammatory cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Molecules made by both the innate and adaptive immune systems that stimulate other cells into action. |
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Term
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Definition
| A subclass of cytokines whose purpose is to direct cell trafficking (chemotaxis) |
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Term
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Definition
| A subclass of cytokines that have antiviral actions, can regulate the overall immune function, and facilitate communication between immune components. |
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Term
| How does phagocytosis work? |
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Definition
| Chemotaxis draws the white blood cell toward the pathogen, which it then engulfs. A phagolysosome is formed, and the pathogen is destroyed and excreted. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonspecific immune reaction that serves to make the environment inhospitable to pathogens. |
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Term
| What are the four components of inflammation? |
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Definition
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