Term
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Definition
| When all the parts of inflammation and immunity are working properly. |
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Term
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Definition
| Recognition of self from non-self |
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Term
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Definition
| protein capable of Stimulating and immune response. |
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Term
| Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs) |
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Definition
| The unique universal product code for each individual, Present in almost all body tissue they can serve as antigens when it enters another persons body. (determine tissue type) |
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Term
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Definition
| immature, undifferentiated cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Means the cells had more than one potential outcome of becoming different kinds. |
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Term
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Definition
| (Bandemia) When more bands are in the blood stream than more mature neutrophils. |
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Term
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Definition
| Start out as monocytes which mature in body tissue and usually stay there but some can float around. Important for inflammatory response and AMI and CMI. Have longer life spans and recharge. Longer fighting effects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cause the manifestation of inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
| Act against infestations and parasitic larvae, can also induce inflammation. (worms, wheezes and weird diseases) |
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Term
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Definition
| The engulfing and destruction of invaders and rids the body of debris after injury. Triggered by injury or infection. It recognizes a cell as non-self and engulfs it. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also called granulocytes, when immature called Bands. Short life span of 12-18 hours. Have to be constantly replaced. They are capable of phagocytosis but only once not rechargeable. The higher the number the higher the resistance to infection (ANC). Left shift can indicate that the bone marrow cannot keep up with the infection. Bands no 0 Benefits. |
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Term
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Definition
| At the time of injury body tissues secrete this to attract neutrophils and macrophages. |
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Term
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Definition
| Coat the target cells so that phagocytes easily attach to them. Signals the antigen to be destroyed (marks man) |
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Term
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Definition
| Warmth, redness, swelling, pain and decrease function. |
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Term
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Definition
| increase blood flow such as with swelling. |
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Term
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Definition
| Leukocytes move in causing redness and warmth, followed by hyperemia and edema due to capillary leak. Edema serves to further protect from injury. Neutrophils then move in an can cause exudate (dead WBC). Bone marrow can the be triggered to produce more or no more neutrophils. Tissue repair then begins. |
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Term
| Antibody-Mediated Immunity (AMI) Or Humoral |
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Definition
| Involves antigen-antibody interactions to neutralize, eliminate or destroy foreign protein. Antibodies are produced by B-lymphocytes (B-Cells) B-BONE MARROW. |
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Term
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Definition
| Formed when a B-Cell is sensitized and it divides. The new one is the plasma cell that then begins to produce antibodies for against a specific antigen. Immediately begins to function but has a short life span. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also a product of B-cell division, but does not begin to function until the next exposure to the same antigen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Clumping action that results when the antibodies link several antigens together increasing the chances of complement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell membrane destruction, makes holes in the membrane weakening the invader. |
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Term
| Complement activation and fixation |
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Definition
| Activated by IgG and IgM activating the cascade. |
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Term
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Definition
| Similar to agglutination on a larger scale so that neutrophils and macrophages can act on them and remove them all at once. |
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Term
| Inactivation/Neutralization |
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Definition
| The process of making antigens harmless without destroying them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Globular protein or antibodies that provide immunity also called gamma globulins. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any natural protective feature of a person. Cannot be developed or transferred and its not an adaptive response to re exposure. Ex. SKin, inflammation response. |
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Term
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Definition
| The immunity a persons body learns to make or can receive as an adaptive response to any invasion. Ex. AMI |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of adaptive immunity in which the body responds to an antigen by making specific antibodies against it. The body takes an active role in producing the antibodies. Can occur under natural or artificial conditions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Antigen enter the body without human assistance and the body responds by making antibodies. Most effective type of immunity and the longest lasting. |
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Term
| Artificial Active immunity |
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Definition
| Vaccination or immunization, can last for several years but occasional boosters are required. |
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Term
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Definition
| In vaccination, when An antigen is genetically altered to prevent the full disease but merely antibody production. |
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Term
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Definition
| When antibodies against an antigen are in a persons body but were not created there, but rather transferred upon being made in another person or animal. Only for short term immunity as they are recognized as non-self and quickly destroyed. |
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Term
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Definition
| antibodies are transferred from the mother to the fetus via the placenta or the infant through colostrum and breast milk. |
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Term
| Artificial Passive immunity |
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Definition
| Injecting antibodies that were created by another person or animal. They are expected to inactivate the antigen. This is temporary lasting only a few days or weeks. |
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Term
| Cell mediated immunity (CMI) |
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Definition
| Provided by the lymphocyte stem cells that mature in lymphoid tissue and thymus. |
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Term
| Helper/ Inducer T (CD4+ cells) |
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Definition
| The help increase immune function by releasing lymphokines which increase more marrow production of stem cells and speed up maturation. "Calling to arms" |
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Term
| Suppressor T Cells (CD8+ Cells) |
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Definition
| Help regulate CMI, they prevent hypersensitivity (continuous overreaction) when a person is exposed to non-self cell or protein. Prevents formation of antibodies against normal, healthy cells or the development of autoimmune disease. Opposite action of CD4+ Cells. |
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Term
| Cytotoxic/ cytolytic T-cells |
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Definition
| Subset of suppressor cells that destroy cells that contain a processed antigen's MHC, most effective against self cells infected by parasites, such as viruses or protozoa. |
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Term
| Natural Killer CD16+ cells |
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Definition
| Not a true T-cell. They seek and destroy eliminating non-self cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| small protein hormones produced by many WBC that act like hormone messengers. They can widespread effects throughout the immune system (pleiotropic). |
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