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Infectious Disease: Antibiotic Spectrum
Some flashcards will contain questions; others will simply state an antibiotic with the affected microbes as the answer.
71
Health Care
Professional
01/05/2010

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Term
Penicillin G
Definition
Group A and B Strep (Beta-hemolytic); DOC for syphilis
Term
Penicillin V
Definition
Group A and B Strep (Beta-hemolytic); DOC for syphilis
Term
Oxacillin
Definition
MSSA
Term
Nafcillin
Definition
MSSA
Term
Dicloxacillin
Definition
MSSA
Term
Oxacillin, nafcillin, and dicloxacillin are all drugs of choice for which disease?
Definition
MSSA
Term
Ampicillin
Definition
E. faecalis
Term
Amoxicillin
Definition
S. pneumoniae
Term
Piperacillin
Definition
Enterics and PSeudomonas
Term
Ticarcillin
Definition
Enterics and PSeudomonas
Term
The drug of choice for S. pneumoniae (per Dr. Bergman) is:
Definition
Amoxicillin
Term
The drug of choice for blood-borne enterococcus is:
Definition
Ampicillin
Term
The Beta Lactam antibiotics include:
Definition
Penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems
Term
Beta-lactamase inhibitors increase antibiotic effectiveness against which bacteria?
Definition
Enteric Gram negative
Term
This Beta-lactamase inhibitor is added to amoxicillin to treat Gram negative respiratory tract infections:
Definition
Clavulanate (Amoxil + Clavulanate = Augmentin)
Term
Clavulanate, sulbactam, and tazobactam are all examples of:
Definition
Beta-lactamase inhibitors
Term
Which agent is added to ampicillin to increase its effectiveness against enteric Gram negative bacteria?
Definition
Sulbactam
Term
This beta-lactamase inhibitor is used in conjunction with piperacillin:
Definition
Tazobactam
Term
The first generation cephalosporins include:
Definition
Cefazolin IV and Cephalexin PO
Term
The best second generation cephalosporin is:
Definition
Cefuroxime
Term
Cefazolin
Definition
MSSA, Beta hemolytic strep
Term
Cephalexin
Definition
MSSA, Beta hemolytic strep
Term
Cefuroxime
Definition
S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae
Term
Cefoxitin
Definition
Enterics and anaerobes
Term
Cefotetan
Definition
Enterics and anaerobes
Term
Cefazolin is used primarily as a surgical prophylactic to avoid infections of the:
Definition
Skin
Term
Cefoxitin and cefotetan are used for surgical prophylaxis to avoid what type of infections?
Definition
Intra-abdominal
Term
The third generation cephalosporins include:
Definition
Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime
Term
Ceftriaxone
Definition
S. pneumoniae, enterics
Term
Cefotaxime
Definition
S. pneumoniae, enterics
Term
Ceftaxidime
Definition
Enterics, Pseudomonas
Term
Fourth generation cephalosporins includes:
Definition
Cefepime
Term
Cefepime
Definition
S. pneumoniae, enterics, Pseudomonas
Term
Fifth generation cephalosporins includes:
Definition
Ceftobiprole, ceftaroline
Term
This third generation cephalosporin is used more commonly in pediatric patients:
Definition
Cefotaxime
Term
Imipenem
Definition
Enterics, pseudomonas, anaerobes
Term
Meropenem
Definition
Enterics, pseudomonas, anaerobes
Term
Doripenem
Definition
Enterics, pseudomonas, anaerobes
Term
Ertapenem
Definition
Enterics, anaerobes, streptococcus
Term
Imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, and doripenem comprise this class of antibiotics:
Definition
Carbapenems
Term
Carbapenems are the DOCs for:
Definition
ESBL-producers
Term
Aztreonam
Definition
Enterics, pseudomonas, NOT ESBLs
Term
Gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin comprise the:
Definition
Aminoglycosides
Term
Gentamicin
Definition
Synergy for enterococcus and Staph aureus; double coverage for potentially resistant enteric GNB and pseudomonas
Term
Tobramycin
Definition
Synergy for enterococcus and Staph aureus; double coverage for potentially resistant enteric GNB and pseudomonas
Term
Amikacin
Definition
Synergy for enterococcus and Staph aureus; double coverage for potentially resistant enteric GNB and pseudomonas
Term
Polymyxin B
Definition
Last line Tx for pseudomonas and A. baumanii
Term
Colistin (Polymyxin E)
Definition
Last line against resistant pseudomonas and A. baumanii
Term
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Definition
Minor MRSA infections (esp skin), enterics (esp UTIs)
Term
Rifampin
Definition
Synergy for MRSA
Term
Rifampin causes many drug interactions by _____________ cytochrome P450
Definition
Inducing
Term
Erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin comprise this class of antibiotics:
Definition
Macrolides
Term
Azithromycin is ______ dependent, and only requires short courses of therapy.
Definition
Concentration
Term
Azithromycin
Definition
S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, atypicals
Term
Doxycycline
Definition
Minor MRSA infections, S. pneumoniae, H. influenze, atypicals
Term
Fluoroquinolones are all good for:
Definition
Atypicals
Term
Ciprofloxacin
Definition
Enterics and pseudomonas
Term
Levofloxacin
Definition
Streptococcus sp., enterics, pseudomonas
Term
Moxifloxacin
Definition
Strep, enterics, anaerobes
Term
Which fluoroquinolone is a good choice to use against anaerobes?
Definition
Moxifloxacin
Term
Which fluoroquinolone is not a drug to use for pseudomonas
Definition
Moxifloxacin
Term
Clindamycin
Definition
S. aureus including MRSA, Streptococcus -- Group A/B and pneumoniae, Anaerobe infections above the diaphragm
Term
Metronidazole
Definition
Anaerobes
Term
The DOC for anaerobic infections is:
Definition
Metronidazole
Term
Anti-MRSA Gram (+) Antibiotics include:
Definition
Vancomycin, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, Linezolid, Daptomycin, Telavancin
Term
Vancomycin
Definition
All Gram positives except VRE
Term
Linezolid
Definition
Pneumonia (NOT Bacteremia)
Term
Daptomycin
Definition
Bacteremia (NOT Pneumonia)
Term
Telavancin
Definition
Good for pneumonia and theoretically bateremia
Term
Linezolid is a ________ antibiotic. So, it is not useful for bactermia.
Definition
Bacteriostatic
Term
Daptomycin is especially useful for this specific infection:
Definition
Endocarditis
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