Term
|
Definition
a goal of nursing measure physical, spiritual, emotional, social needs
personal definition- do not impose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| state one is experiencing an acceptable quality of life as he defines it, full and balanced integration of all needs "Holism" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body organs functioning normally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one feels good about life, safe and able to handle life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one feels well liked, productive and accepted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inner peace in relation to them, the meaning and purpose of life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| state of complete physical, emotional, social and spiritual well being |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| state of discomfort when health is impaired through disease, stress, accident or injury, highly ind state, not always related to disease |
|
|
Term
| 3 criteria a person uses to determine illness |
|
Definition
1. symptom
2. how they feel
3. ADLs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incidence of disease, disorder, or injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to death, number of deaths per unit of population usually calculated per 1000 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rapid onset; short duration
usually curable
can lead to long term problems if left untreated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
develops slowly and lasts a relatively long time. usually longer than 6 months
heart disease, osteoarthritis, cancer, asthma
periods of remission and exacerbation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
illness dormant
presents few symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
flare up
aggravation of symptoms
increase in severity of disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no potential cure
person is approaching death
end stage CHF, terminal cancer, hospice, end stage aids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| independent of any other disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
develops from a pre-existing condition
Diabetes-arteriosclerosis
Alcoholism- liver dysfunction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Heredity
Congenital- dx or defect at time of birth
Biochemical imbalances- water and electrolyte
Trauma- injury
environment- extremes hot or cold
Nutrition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lack of oxygen reaching body tissues
ex. emphysema, anemia or if there is a lack of oxygen in the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
total lack of oxygen
irreversible damage caused if the brain is deprived of oxygen for more than 3-7 min
ex. drowning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| similar to the tissue where it is found, usually does not spread, can still cause problems by crowding normal structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
grow and act in total disregard of body order
cells differ from the tissue of origin
metastasize
can invade or crowd out normal tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prolonged stress can lead to physical or emotional disturbances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| invasion of the body by pathogenic organisms |
|
|
Term
| factors effecting the development of an infection |
|
Definition
number of microorganisms present
virulence-capacity to cause disease
resistance of the host- strength of the immune system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
unknown cause
ex-irritable bowel syndrome |
|
|
Term
| external defenses against illness |
|
Definition
skin and mucous membranes are the first line of defense
dry skin deters as well as sweat and sebaceous glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fatty acid that kills bacteria, slightly acidic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prevent other bacteria from multiplying |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| buffering action and flow help prevent infection, enzymes in saliva inhibit bacterial growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hydrochloric acid creates an environment where most microorganisms cannot survive |
|
|
Term
vagina- secretions
eyes- tears |
|
Definition
| lower ph and discourage growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
red
pain
swelling
decrease use or function
warmth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cells release signal (histamine, etc)
vasodilation (redness and warmth due to increase in blood flow)
capillary walls more permeable allowing outpour of fluid (swelling)
swelling causing disturbance in function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
resolution- cell recovers without replacement
regeneration- replace damaged cells with identical new ones
scar formation- fibrous tissue replaces
this is a non functioning substitute (keloids) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
t lymphocytes
fungi, protozoa, bacteria and some viruses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
takes place in blood stream
b lymphocytes
bacteria and viral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
immune system is stimulated; produces antibodies
natural- infection has run its course
active- produced through vaccinations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of injecting a weakened or killed organism into a person, stimulating antibody production; artificially acquired active immunity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
does not involve host's immune system
immunity is transferred to recipient
congenital- mom to fetus or breast milk
by blood in to form of immunoglobulins |
|
|
Term
| Why is it so serious if an infant (<6 mo) presents a fever? |
|
Definition
The immune system is not fully operational until 6 months, immature thermoregulatory systems
signs of infection; lethargy, not eating, restless |
|
|
Term
| What age does the immune system mature to one similar to adults? |
|
Definition
| 3-4, this is prime opportunity to give vaccinations |
|
|
Term
| most common infection in early childhood |
|
Definition
respiratory tract and ear
communicable diseases are transferred by play
Eustachian tubes are shorter and straighter resulting in more ear infections |
|
|
Term
| Communicable diseases are most prevalent in what age group? |
|
Definition
school age
most common in winter |
|
|
Term
| What skin diseases effect school age children |
|
Definition
| impetigo, roundworm, lice |
|
|
Term
| Children ages 6-12 have a high incidence of streptococcal inf resulting in? |
|
Definition
| pharyngitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| immune system fully mature but may be compromised due to malnutrition or chronic illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can cause ectopic pregnancy and infertility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 16 and 18 cause 70% of cervical cancers |
|
|
Term
| Adults have more chronic lung disease such as: |
|
Definition
| COPD, Emphysema, pneumonia, bronchitis |
|
|
Term
| STD effect what age groups |
|
Definition
| adolescents, adults and older adults |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| effects ability to resist infections in adults and older adults |
|
|
Term
| What gland begins to shrink in adolescence, leading to a decline in cell-mediated and humoral immunity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Respiratory disease in an older adult is exceeded by what other diseases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What infections are most common and most lethal in older adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Flu effects on older adults |
|
Definition
| twice the incidence than young adults and mortality rate is higher |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vulnerable to them especially when the chest or abdomen is open |
|
|
Term
| Immunoglobulin antibodies |
|
Definition
| plasma proteins that form in the response to invading antigens |
|
|
Term
| antigens (virus and bacteria) |
|
Definition
| foreign particles which invade the body and act as markers on the surface of cell that can stimulate the immune system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dust, feathers, animal dander and pollen
eggs, seafood, chocolate
wool, nylon, nickel
penicillin (PCN), aspirin(ASA) |
|
|
Term
Symptoms of an allergy
Vary depending on allergy |
|
Definition
| sneezing, nasal congestion, itchy eyes, nausea and diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| Management of a food allergy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
anaphylactic shock (life threatening)
define and symptoms |
|
Definition
sudden severe reaction to allergen
bp drops, pulse rapid and weak, diaphoresis, loss of consciousness, dyspnea, sob, possible convulsion |
|
|
Term
| Anaphylactic shock most commonly caused by |
|
Definition
| PCN, insect stings, x ray contrast, dyes, food (strawberries, peanuts) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microorganism that causes infection and contagious disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| invasion of body by pathogenic organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not present at time of admission |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| environment that m.o. survives and reproduces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reservoir for organisms but never develops disease, no active evidence of disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recovery but harbors infectious agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| time between contact and first symptom |
|
|
Term
| Most effective point to interfere with the infectious cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| linens, dressings, contaminated water |
|
|
Term
| Ways to prevent the spread of disease |
|
Definition
Hygiene
nutrition
sanitary conditions
avoid exposure
sleep
exercise
avoid harmful substances
educate
immunize
food and water inspections
sanitary housing- eliminate overcrowding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 0.3-2.6, increased in sepsis |
|
|
Term
| Who should not receive live vaccines |
|
Definition
| pregnant or immunocompromised |
|
|
