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| Karma, Reincarnation, Brahman, Caste, dharma, Nirvana, Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path |
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| both-> what you do now will affect what happens later |
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both-> rebirth-> ultimate goal
Karma-to do
dharma-duties
moksha |
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Hind->ultimate life force-> present in everything
(single supreme being) |
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Hind->social Hierarchy
-Casteism- discrimination against lower castes
-Brahmin- priests/academics
-Kshatrita-rulers, military, warriors
-Vaisya- farmers, merchants/artisans
-Sudra-peasants, servants workers/laborers
-Harijan- "untouchables" |
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| expectations for your life; role in life->Hind |
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Bud-> state of tranquility-> ultimate goal
nothingness |
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Bud-> basic beliefs-> Buddha?
1. Suffering is universal
2. Greed causes Suffering
3. Misery ends when desire ends
4. Live a proper life by following the EIGHTFOLD PATH |
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| British East India Company |
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| British got rights in Mughal empire. Gradually expanded; by mid-1800's controlled 3/5 of India. Because of India's diversity, ppl didn't unite against British. Main goal, make money. did things like improve roads and preserve peace, Introduced western ways, Christianity, tried to end caste system |
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Indians angry, British didn't respect their culture, changed customs and laws, troops wouldn't bite cartridges with animal fat, rose up against officers, soldiers marched to Delhi, hailed last Mughal rukras their leader, violence, British took terrible revenge
-results: British took India under direct control, India had to pay
Indian soliers hired by British rebel-> bit off tips of cartridges with Animal fat-> against religion-> B sent more toops (therefore) taxed Indians more ^ tensions |
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| wanted to learn from west and revitalize and reform traditional Indian Culture at the same time. Condemned things like caste system, child marriage, oppression of women. |
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(1885) Indian National Congress, led by professionals and business leaders who believed in peaceful protest to gain their ends, wanted democracy
educated->figured out what was happening |
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Muslims resented Hindu domination of the INC (congress party), formed Muslim League to pursue their own state
Persued goals of Muslims (1906) |
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Crowds organized to listen to Indian Leaders, British commander Reginald Dyer had troops open fire on them. Killed hundreds.
-convinced Indians of evils of British Rule.
B. Troops kill Indians at peaceful gathering-> B look bad-> civil disobedience-> April 13, 1919 |
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fought laws that discriminated against Indians in S.A. used passive resistance, non-violence. Returned to India to oppose British Rule. Embraced Hinduism, read Western works about civil disobedience
-Rejected caste system, fought for equal rights, including "untouchables"
(1869-1948)-> NON-VIOLENT RESISTANCE-> Ahimsa-> needs #s for support (non-violence period) |
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British had salt monopoly, Indians needed it to live, started 240 mile walk to the sea, picked up thousands of followers, salt spread eveywhere, Gandhi and thousands of Indians jailed, didn't fight, made British look bad
240 miles-> 1930-> anniver. of Amritsar-> many arrested, more to take their place |
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Supported Pakistan, seperate state for Muslims
PM Pakistan? |
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| hastily drwan up, 2 widely seperated areas; Hindus and Muslims crossed paths trying to get to their own areas, savage violence |
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Started Nehru dynasty, led India for 40 years, worked to build a modern secular state dedicated to promoting social justice
Indian Nationalist->1st PM of India |
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princely state in HImalayas. It's Hindu prince gave it to India, majority Muslims wanted to be part of Pakistan. Several wars have been fought over it.
border territory claimed by both sides |
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| Overpopulation- not allies with US b/c neutral in Cold War- Tsunami |
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