Term
| micronutrients definition |
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Definition
| vitamins and minerals that are needed in much smaller amounts than macronutrients |
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Term
| what do micronutrients do? |
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Definition
assist body functions
energy production
formation and maintenance of healthy cells and tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| carbon-containing compounds that regulate a wide range of body processes |
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Term
| list of fat-soluble vitamins |
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Definition
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Term
| where are fat soluble vitamins stored |
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Definition
| readily stored in the body's adipose tissue |
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Term
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Definition
taking >10 times recommended intake
*fat soluble vitamins can be toxic when taken in excess |
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Term
| list of water soluble vitamins |
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Definition
| vitamin C and vitamin B group |
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Term
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Definition
thiamin (B1)
riboflavin (B2)
niacin (B3)
pantothenic acid (B5)
vitamin B6
biotin (B7)
folate (B9)
vitamin B12 |
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Term
| are water-soluble vitamins stored in small or large amounts? |
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Definition
not stored in large amounts
need to be consumed on a daily or weekly basis
deficiency symptoms can arise fairly quickly |
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Term
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Definition
| naturally occurring inorganic (non carbon containing) substances |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Since minerals are elements, they.... |
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Definition
are in the simplest chemical form possible
not digested or broken down prior to absorption |
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Term
| amount required for major minerals |
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Definition
| requires at least 100 mg per day |
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Term
| amount required for trace minerals |
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Definition
| require less than 100 mg per day |
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Term
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Definition
sodium
potassium
phosphorus
chloride
calcium
magnesium
sulfur |
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Term
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Definition
selenium
fluoride
iodine
chromium
manganese
iron
zinc
copper |
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Term
| absorption of vitamins and minerals depends on what |
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Definition
| depends on their chemical form |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| heme dietary iron is found in what foods |
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Definition
| only in meats, fish, and poultry |
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Term
| non-heme dietary iron is found in what foods |
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Definition
| found in plant and animal foods, iron-fortified foods, and supplements |
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Term
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Definition
binding factors within the same food
other foods within the meal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what does oxalic acid do to absorption? |
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Definition
| it decreases zinc and iron absorption |
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Term
| chemical transformation of vitamins |
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Definition
| many vitamins are modified after they are eaten and absorbed |
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Term
| what happens to B-vitamins after consumption and absorption? |
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Definition
| They combine with other substances after consumption and absorption |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what does oxalic acid do to absorption? |
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Definition
| it decreases zinc and iron absorption |
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Term
| chemical transformation of vitamins |
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Definition
| many vitamins are modified after they are eaten and absorbed |
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Term
| what happens to B-vitamins after consumption and absorption? |
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Definition
| They combine with other substances after consumption and absorption |
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Term
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Definition
easier to develop a toxic overload from supplements than foods
some micronutrients consumed as supplements may be harmful to the health |
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Term
| do animals absorb better form animal sources or supplements? |
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Definition
| better absorbed from animal sources |
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Term
| eating a variety of healthful foods = ? |
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Definition
more nutrients
phytochemicals
more dietary factors than supplements alone |
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Term
| a healthful diet is better than supplements because it is |
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Definition
built from a wide variety of foods
offers social, emotional and other benefits that are absent from supplements |
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Term
| micronutrient supplements play an important role in promoting good health to who? |
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Definition
pregnant women
children
people with certain illnesses |
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Term
| adequate intake of vitamin C lowers risk of |
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Definition
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Term
| adequate intake of vitamin D lowers risk of |
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Definition
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Term
| adequate intake of vitamin E lowers risk of |
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Definition
| complications of diabetes |
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Term
| adequate intake of vitamin K lowers risk of |
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Definition
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Term
| adequate intake of calcium lowers risk of |
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Definition
| high blood pressure (hypertension) |
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Term
| adequate intake of chromium lowers risk of |
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Definition
| type 2 diabetes in older adults |
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Term
| adequate intake of magnesium lowers risk of |
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Definition
| muscle wasting in older adults |
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Term
| adequate intake of selenium lowers risk of |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| blends the study of human nutrition with genetics |
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Term
| specific genetic variation increases need for... |
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Definition
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