Term
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Definition
| AKA: Immune System; the stations of the immune system throughout the body to fight against antigen intrusion |
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Term
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Definition
bone marrow
thymus
lymph nodes
spleen
mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) |
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Term
| Leukocytes Participating In Immune Responses |
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Definition
lymphocytes
natural killer (NK) cells
macrophages
dendritic cells |
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Term
| Five Groups of Mononuclear Leukocyte Pool |
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Definition
bone marrow (bursa of Fabricius) derived (B) lymphocytes
thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes
natural killer (NK) cells
Macrophages
Dendritic cells |
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Term
| Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) |
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Definition
| dendritic cells and macrophages; display antigen-derived peptides and collaborate with them in response to antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| the definitive hematopoietic tissue |
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Term
| Pluripotent Hematopoietic Stem Cells |
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Definition
| common ancestral cells for all blood and immune cells |
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Term
| Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the transition from a pluripotent HSC to a mature blood cell |
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Term
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Definition
| the cellular constituents of the bone-marrow microenvironment |
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Term
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Definition
lin^-/low
c-kit+
Sca-1+
CD34+
life-long self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential |
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Term
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Definition
| derived from long-term HSCs; keeps its multi-lineage differentiation potential but exhibits decreased self-renewal potential; gives rise pluripotential progenitors which have lost self-renewal potential but can differentiate into all blood- and immune-cell lineages |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA: stem cell factor; cytokine which binds to c-kit encoded tyrosine kinase membrane receptors to start hematopoiesis |
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Term
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Definition
| gives rise the red cell and platelet (megakaryocyte) lineases |
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Term
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Definition
| gives rise to B and T cells as well as NK and plasma cells |
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Term
| Colony-Stimulating Factors (CSFs) |
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Definition
stimulate the formation of leukocyte colonies in bone marrow cultures;
IL-3
(G)-CSF
(GM)-CSF
(M)-CSF
IL-7 |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which hematopoietic cytokines are produced by antigen-stimulated T cells and activated macrophages; restocks consumes leukocytes during an inflammatory or immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| produced by kidneys; drives terminal erythrocyte development and controls erythrocyte production |
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Term
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Definition
| blood monocyte-derived macrophages; closely related to dendritic cells |
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Term
| Polymorphonuclear Phagocytes |
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Definition
| common myeloid progenitors gives rise to these |
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Term
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Definition
leukocyte responsible for general defenses; phagocytes; contains granules filled with potent enzymes that can digest microorganisms
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
mast cells |
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Term
| Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes |
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Definition
| AKA: granulocytes; named because their nuclei come in many shapes |
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Term
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Definition
| round cells (6-15 um), little cytoplasm, large round nuclei, chromatin arranged in coarse masses; bear the major responsibility of the adaptive immune system: recognition, specificity and memory functions; found circulating the blood and lymphoid tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA: B cells; responsible for the production of antibodies and mediate the humoral response |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA: T cells; responsible for the cellular immune response and helping humoral and cellular responses; divided into two populations according to CD4 or CD8 cell-surface molecule expression |
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Term
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Definition
| nonlymphoid cells; antigen-nonspecific cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages |
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Term
| Natural Killer (NK) Cells |
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Definition
| large granular lymphocytes; do not express surface markers or antigen receptors characteristic of B or T cells; major cell of the innate immune system |
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