Term
| what is another name for neutrophils |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the azurophilic granules of neutrophils |
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Definition
cytochrme b558
NADPH oxidase
myeloperoxidase
defensins
lysozyme
proteases |
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Term
| what are the specific granules of neutrophils |
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Definition
lactoferrin
lysozyme
collagenase |
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Term
| what defends against pyogenic or puss forming bacteria |
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Definition
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Term
| what does NADPH oxidase do |
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Definition
| makes ROS (peroxide, superoxide, oxygen radical) to damage gram positive bacteria peptidoglycan allowing other enzymes to enter |
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Term
| what does myeloperoxidase do |
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Definition
| makes peroxide which is turned into HOCl |
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Term
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Definition
| catatonic peptides that insert into membrane and destory voltage regulated ion channels |
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Term
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Definition
| damage gram positive cell walls proteoglycan |
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Term
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Definition
| sequester Fe so microbe dies, regulates T and B cell development |
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Term
| what are the PRR (pattern recognition receptors) a class of |
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Definition
| TLR (toll like receptors) or C type lectins (Ca dependent) |
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Term
| what does NO do in a macrophage attack |
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Definition
| cause sepsis and increase BP and secludes Fe and acts as a microbicidal with the help of peroxynitrite |
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Term
| what is the function of C reactive protein |
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Definition
| amplify and accelerate innate response, activate mannose lectin binding pathway, bind dying cells and activate compliment pathway, marker of inflammatory disease |
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Term
| where is INFa made, what is it clinically used for |
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Definition
leukocytes
HCV, HBV, papiloma virus, cancer |
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Term
| where is INFb made, what does it do |
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Definition
| made in fibroblasts, induces MHC1 antigen processing, used in MS for immune supression |
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Term
| where is INFgamme made, what is it used for |
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Definition
made by helper T cells, never nucleated cells
used to fight protozoa |
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Term
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Definition
| recognizes nucleic acids of viruses and binds via TLR binds receptors on microbe and has antiviral affect interfering with replication machines |
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Term
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Definition
| activate vascular endothelium letting out IgG and compliments, increase fluid drainage to the lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
| activate lymphocytes and antibodies, induce protein production in the liver, cause fever |
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Term
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Definition
| activate NK cells, induce differentation of CD4 into helper T cells |
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Term
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Definition
| deploy neutrophils, macrophages, cytokines. induce NO synthesis, induce cyclooxygenase of chondrocytes, role in autoimmune inflammation |
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Term
| where are compliments made |
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Definition
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Term
| what is happening in hereditary angieoedema (HAE) |
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Definition
| C1 INH is inhibited so the common compliment pathway is not regulated leading to anaphalyxins, swelling, kalkerins, plasmins |
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Term
| what is happening in PIG-A (paraoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobineurea) |
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Definition
RBC, platlets, and granulocyte membranes are sensitive to compliments and they lysis. inhibitors CD55 DAF and CD59 HRF are broken.
pancytopenia, hemolytic anemia, thrombosis, hematuria, brusine |
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Term
| after prolonged exposure what does C3 lead to |
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Definition
| pyogenic infections once opsonization is reduced |
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Term
| after prolonged exposure what does C4 lead to |
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Definition
| autoimmune systemic lupus erythematosis and pyrogenic infections |
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Term
| what does unregulated factor H and I cause |
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Definition
| glomeruloephritis and hemolytic anemia |
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Term
| what are dendritic cells derived from |
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Definition
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Term
| what causes and what is angioedema |
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Definition
| swelling in neck vessels caused by C4a and C2a |
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Term
| what blocks the MAC attack |
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Definition
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Term
| what is needed to make C3bBb |
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Definition
| factor B and enzyme factor D and bacterial influence (carbs on materia, LPS, techtoic acid, virus, IgA aggregates, clttiing proteins) |
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Term
| what does C3bBb need to split C3 into a and b |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what blocks the splitting of C2 and C4 by C1qrs in the classical pathway |
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Definition
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Term
| what is needed to make C4b2a in the mannose lectin pathway |
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Definition
| MASP1 and MASP2 and C2 and C4 and mannose binding lectin attached to a carb on a microbe |
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Term
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Definition
| perforins put holes in the membrane, granzymes enter and activate capsase pathway. NK releases INFgamma to recruit Th1 cells |
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Term
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Definition
| region on NK cell that antibodies on normal cells combine with |
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Term
| FAS ligand / TNF receptor |
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Definition
| receptor on microbes that activate capsase pathway when NK cells attach |
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Term
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Definition
| NK cell receptor that recognizes ligands on infected cells and when activated turns on the NK cell granual release process |
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Term
| what does esoinophilic catatonic protein do |
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Definition
| peroxidase that is perforin like and a neurotoxin |
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Term
| chronic granulomatous disease |
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Definition
| NADPH oxidase defect, X linked or recessive |
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Term
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Definition
| microtubule defect, lysosome cant fuse to microbe. albania, ataxia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cell membrane component that does cell-cell adhesion, ECM adhesion, cell signaling, regulation of cell cycle, shape and motility |
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Term
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Definition
| compliment component that induces chemotaxis: iL-8, C5a, C3a, C4a |
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Term
| what immune components are associated with the keratinocytes |
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Definition
| langerhan's cells, lymphocytes of dermis, skin defense barrier |
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Term
| what is another name for the Fc region |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the functions of antibodies |
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Definition
| neutrilization, opsonization, percipitation, innate compliment cascade, ADCC (mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, NK cells macrophages), block receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| enhanses phagocytosis with opsonin activity making aggregates of cross linked antigen and making a molecule bigger and more easily recognized by B macrophages and neutrophils |
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Term
| what are the functions of IgG |
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Definition
| NK binds its Fc to enhance phagocytosis, combine with basophils to cause type 1 hypersensitivity, cross placenta, block host receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| activates esinophils, mast cells, and basophils bind binding their receptors with its Fc activating them causing them to degranulate |
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Term
| what do mast cells release |
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Definition
| histamine, serotinin, tumor necrosis factor, protolytic enzymes, eotaxin, prostaglandins, leukotrienes |
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Term
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Definition
| vascular permabiblity, chemotaxis, smooth m contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| immuno dilation, chemotaxis, mast cell adhesion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what do prostaglandins do |
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Definition
| cyclooxygenase causes vasodilation, capillary permability, smooth m contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| thromboxanes and lipooxygenase cause sustained m contraction, cell recruitment, hypersensitivity, asthma |
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Term
| what role do T and B cells have in killing large invaders |
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Definition
| release cytokines that stimulate goblet cells in intestinal villi to release mucins and coat parasite and facilitate expulsion from the body |
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Term
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Definition
| hinder adherence of microbes by blocking their pilli or viral particles |
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Term
| where is IgA made, how does it get to the lumen |
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Definition
| MALT, transported on poly-Ig |
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Term
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Definition
| surface receptor on phacogytitic cells, mast cells, basophils, esinophils for Fc region of IgG or IgE |
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Term
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Definition
| transfer of antigen binding region from IgM heavy chain to IgG, IgA, or IgE by helper T cell cytokines on B cell genome following contact with T dependent antigens. plasma and memory cells retain the info for the switch |
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