Term
| MHC exhibit ________, in that each gene for an HLA molecule can have different multiple stable forms or alleles within a species |
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Definition
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Term
HLA class 1 or 2?
monomer with 3 domains and one beta-2 microglobulin molecule |
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Definition
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Term
| HLA 1 binds with CD_____ while HLA2 binds with CD_____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Which part of the HLA 1 molec binds to the TC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the B2 microglobulin on HLA 1 molec? |
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Definition
| it helps to maintain the shape, stability |
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Term
HLA 1 or 2?
Dimer, with two alpha chains and two beta chains |
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Definition
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Term
HLA 1 or 2?
Includes an invariant chain as a molecular chaperone during synthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of the invariant chain? |
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Definition
| stabilizes the HLA molec and protect the peptide binding site from accidental binding of other stuffs |
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Term
| The binding groove of a HLA 2 molec is composed of which subunits? |
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Definition
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Term
HLA 1 or 2?
Found on all APC including dendritic cells,thymic epithelial cells, and B cells |
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Definition
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Term
endogenous or exogenous?
HLA 1 present _______ antigens while HLA 2 present _______ antigens |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the CD4 TC bind to the HLA molecule? |
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Definition
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Term
| Endogenous antigens are targeted for proteolysis by having _______ attached to them. This complex is then degraded by ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of TAP1 and TAP2? |
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Definition
| they are Transporter Antigen Processing molecules. They transport peptide fragments into the ER |
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Term
HLA 1 or 2?
Found on all nucleated cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do TC go to mature? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the order that TC mature in? (immature-TC, pro-TC, ect.) |
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Definition
| Pro-TC, Pre-TC, Immature-TC, Mature-TC |
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Term
| When is antigenic specificity determined in a TC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is present on the surface of a pre-TC |
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Definition
| A/B TCR, CD3, and zeta chain |
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Term
| Which two cell types that TC pass through during maturation cause the expression of CD4 and CD8 on the cell surface? |
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Definition
| thymic epithelial cells and interdigitating thymic dendritic cells |
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Term
| What is on the cell surface of an immature TC? |
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Definition
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Term
| During this process, TC responses to MHC are tested. If they dont bind "just right" they will be destroyed. Those that survive are considered "MHC - restricted" |
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Definition
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Term
| These are the few cells that have the ability to express HLA 1 and 2 at the same time |
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Definition
| Thymic epithelial cells (These are the cells responsible for testing the response of immature TC so they have to be able to express both kinds of HLA) |
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Term
| This is the process that weeds out self reactive TC. Cells after this become self tolerant |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two results of TC activation? |
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Definition
| production of cytokines that signal to other cells (CD4 helper cells) or killing the cell with the antigen (cytotoxic CD8 TC) |
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Term
| HLA 2, which is found on the surface of ______ cells will bind to the TCR on the surface of ________ cells. This causes _______ and ________ molecules to send signals inside the cell |
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Definition
| antigen presenting cells, CD4 TC, CD3 and zeta chain |
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Term
| What are the two main functions of CD3? |
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Definition
chaperone - transports newly made TCR molec to the cell surface
cell signaling |
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Term
| This cytokine is an autocrine growth factor for TC and induces proliferation and differentiation to effector cell function |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the IL-2 receptor on TC? |
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Definition
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Term
Which cytokines cause TC to mature into Th1 cells?
Which cytokines do Th1 cells produce? |
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Definition
IL-12 and IFN-gamma
Il-2 and IFN-gamma |
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Term
| Cell mediated immunity is primarily produced by ______ |
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Definition
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Term
Which cytokines induce a Th2 response?
Which cytokines do Th2 cells produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of TC are responsible for inducing a humoral (antibody) response? |
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Definition
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Term
what stimulates the production of Th17
what cytokines do th17 cells produce? |
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Definition
il6, il23
il17, il6, TNF-alpha |
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Term
Th1 response is induced by ______ cells,
th2 response?
th17 response? |
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Definition
th1 - NK cells
th2 - mast cells
th17 - APC |
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Term
| Without this cytokine produced by CD4 TC, CD8 TC cannot proliferate |
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Definition
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Term
| This major granule constituent binds to target cell and polymerizes to form transmembrane channels (like C9) |
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Definition
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Term
| This cytokine released by TC induces apoptosis |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ are released by the TC and they are internalized by the target cell through perforin channels and cause cell lysis |
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Definition
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Term
| Whats one example of a granzyme? |
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Definition
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Term
| NK cells possess which two CD markers on their surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are NK cells part of the innate or adaptive response? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do NK cells know when they should kill a cell?(What activates them?) |
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Definition
| A lack on MHC expression on a cell surface |
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Term
| This is a cytotoxic mechanism employed by numerous cells that possess receptors for IgG |
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Definition
| antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) |
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