Term
| Receptor and Co-receptor for HIV |
|
Definition
Co-receptors: CCR5 and CXCR4
Receptor: CD4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type I: IFN-a and IFN-B
produced by many types of virus
infected cells that ac on surrounding
NON-infected cells
Type II: IFN-y
Activates Macrophages. produced by NK
and Th1 cells. Enhances killing by
macrophages |
|
|
Term
| Proinflammatory cytokines |
|
Definition
Proinflammatory:
IL-1: Activates NK cells
IL-6: Induces synthesis of acute phase
proteins by hepatocytes. Acts on
hypothalmus to induce fever
Il-8: Acts as Chemokine
TNFa: activation of NF-kB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TLRs Sense microbial Products, inside and outside human cells |
|
|
Term
TLR receptors
Ligand / Recognizes |
|
Definition
TLR2;
Ligand: lipoteichoic acid
Recognize: Gram positive bacteria
TLR3:
Ligand: Viral dsRNA
Recognize: Virus
TLR4:
Ligand: Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)
Recognize: Gram-negative bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PRR binding to PAMP induces cytokine
production.
Activation of NFkB by LPS bound to CD14 and TLR4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
C3b From complement
Fc part of an antibacterial IgG antibody |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Histamine, Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes
Complement split products trigger degranulation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Kill cells in much the same manner as
Cytotoxic T lympphocytes
Kill by:
Granule release: perforins, Granzymes
Induction of apoptosis via FasL/Fas
(CD95L/CD95) |
|
|
Term
| Migration of WBC through veins |
|
Definition
Selectins(endothelial): rolling
Chemokines: activating neutrophils to
increase avidity of integrins (neutrophil)
Integrins: Firm Adhesion
Cd31(Pecam-1) in transmigration |
|
|
Term
Acute Cellular Phase
vs
Chronic Cellular Phase Major Effector cell |
|
Definition
Acute: Neutrophils. Pus
Chronic: Lymphocytes(th1), Macrophages
granulomata(granulomas) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
CRP(C-reative protein; activates the
complement cascade) and fibrinogen and
produced to replace used components. |
|
|
Term
| Anti-inflammatory cytokines |
|
Definition
IL-10: Secreted by Monocytes,
macrophages, Th2 cells. Downregulates
inflammatory response
IL-13: Antiinflammatory. T produce
TGF-B: Induce class switch to IgA by
Plasma Cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Present in Chronic
Inflammation(stimulus not removed)
Activated macrophages surrounded by T
cells.
Th1-cells secrete IFN-y -> activates
macrophages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Immunogen: Induces immune response
Antigen(Ag): bound by specific
antibodies or BCR or TCR
Immunogens are antigens
Not all antigens are immunogens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
region of antigen in direct contact with
antibody, BCR, or TCR
May be one or more epitopes per antigen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
T cell epitopes are LINEAR not
conformational |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Penicillin can form covalaent bonds
with proteins to produce protein-drug
adducts that elicit an immune response
Alergy(hypersensitivity) |
|
|
Term
| B cell epitopes vs T cell epitopes |
|
Definition
B cell receptor: Membrane Ig -> Ag
T cells: TCR -> Ag/MHC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Variable N-terminal regions define the
antigen binding site(specificity)
Constant regions of the heavy chains
define functions of the Ig |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
IgG: Crosses placenta
IgM: Antigen receptor; primary response
IgD: surface receptor of mature B cell
IgA: found in secretions.(breast milk)
IgE: Mast cells and Basophils.Allergic
response. Parasites and worms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lowest Serum level in Adults of all Igs
5 * 10-5 mg/ml
Protects against parasite infections
Allergic diseases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Transplacental transfer
IgG |
|
|
Term
| Sensitization of Mast cells is done by what Ig |
|
Definition
| Mainly IgE but also IgG1 and IgG3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Present in all individuals of a species
Mouse IgG1, Mouse IgM. etc. |
|
|
Term
Chemokines
vs
interleukins signalling |
|
Definition
Chemokine: G-Protein / MAPK
Interleukin: JAK/STAT |
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|
