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Immuno Block-1 Gems-4
N/A
17
Immunology
Graduate
05/18/2011

Additional Immunology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Immunogen
vs
Antigen
Definition
Immunogen: Immunogen initiates adaptive
response. Larger is more effective.
(More receptors)

Antigen(Ag): substance recognized or
bound by specific antibodies(or BCR)
or T cell receptor

All immunogens are antigens.
Not all Antigens are immunogens.
Term
Epitope
Definition
region of antigen in direct contact
with antibody, BCR, or TCR.

Linear Epitopes recognized by T cells(
Must be processed and presented onMHC)

Antibody against hapten
Antibody against carrier
antibody against hapten-carrier neoepitope
Term
Hapten
Definition
Small molecule which can induce an immune response if bound to carrier

Penicillin can form covalent bonds with
proteins to produce protein-drug
adduct. Allergy
Term
B cell
Vs
T cell
Definition
Receptor:
B cell - Membrane Ig-> Ag
T cell - TCR -> Ag/MHC

T cells only bind linear protein epitopes.

T cells do not bind soluble antigen

T cells see protein not hapten
Term
Immunogen Examples
Definition
Glycoprotein: Influenza

Glycolipid: ABO antigens

Polysaccharide: bacterial.capsular sugar
Term
CD molecules
Definition
CD3: Pan T cell marker

CD4: T helper cell(Th)

CD8: cytotoxic T cells

CD19: Pan B cell Marker

CD56: NK cell marker
Term
T cell Receptor Gem
Definition
7. The TCR(T-cell receptor) of every T cell recognizes some residues of the peptide and some (polymorphic)residues on the MHC molecule duel specificity
Term
Immunogenicity
Definition
Nucleic acids and phospholipids:
Not highly immunogenic

Proteins: best immunogens. Mediate cell
and humoral

Lipids and glycolipids can induce cell
mediated immunitiy
Term
Ig(antibody) structure
Definition
B cell Receptor(BCR)

Immunoglobulin(Ig)= Antibody(Ab)

Antigen binding site = variable region

Constant region = Ig class(Isotype)
Term
H2L2 structure of Ig
Definition
H chain define class and subclass of Ig
Constant regions of H chain define
function

Fab = Light/heavy(variable antigen
binding region)

Fc = Heavy region. Can activate
complement pathway (C1Q)
Term
Specificity of antibodies
Definition
Specificity is determined by Hypervariable regions(CDRs) within variable
region.

These regions directly contact Antigen

An Ag binding site is composed of 3 light and 3 heavy CDRs

CDR = complementarity determining region
Term
Affinity / Avidity
Definition
Affinity is just the binding FIT
(Just a single bond)

Avidity is often synergistic, greater
then the sum of the affinities.

(multiple bonds are greater then the sum of their individual strengths)
Term
Immunoglobuiln Classes
Definition
IgG: Circulating. Primary after first
encounter. Crosses placenta

IgM: Antigen Receptor on B cells.
Released during primary response

IgD: Cell surface receptor of mature B
cell

IGA: Secretions; protects mucousal

IgE: Found on Mast and Basophils.
Triggers release of histamine
Term
Branbell receptor
Definition
FcR: receptor for transplacental tranfsfer


FcR carries IgG across endothelium into
Extracellular spaces
Term
Isotype

Allotype

Idiotype
Definition
Isotype: Present in all individuals of a
species.(IgA 1,2. IgG 1,2,3,4 are all
separate Isotypes)

Allotype: Different alleles within a
species. (amino acid difference, myIgG
Fc region is different than yours)

Idiotypic: Unique to a binding site(in
Fab region, variable) specific for
antigen
Term
Class vs Sub Class
Definition
Class: IgA, IgD, IgE, etc

Subclass: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3
Term
Ig gene Superfamily
Definition
TCR,BCR, MHC all are in the same family as Immunoglobulin.

All have subunits that are also found in Ig
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