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Immune
N/A
10
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 4
01/07/2014

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term



Immunosuppressants

Definition

Agents that decrease or prevent an immune response-->
Results in immunocompromised state
Term



What does ADME stand for?

Definition


Pharmokinetics to look for in drugs

absorption, distribution, metabolic, excretion

Term


Interferon

(Avonex, Rebif, Tysabri)

Disease: MS

 

Definition
IMMUNMODULATOR
MS Function: reduce severity and frequency via inhibits migration of proinflammatory leukocytes across the blood brain barrier 
ADME:Not absorbed orally, all doses are IM/SQ (intramuscular or subcutaneously)
SE: Can cause hypotension, bone marrow depression, skin breakdown, LFTs (liver function tests) and renal function
Extra: Expensive, 1st line treatment Relapsing-Remitting MS
 
Term

 

 

 

 

What is a live vaccine?

Definition

 

 Attenuated (live)

– weakened, dead or inactivated pathogens

– altered so do not produce disease

– induce active immunity 

Term

 

 

 

 

Risks from vaccines

Common & Rare

Contraindication: True and Not

Definition

 

 

 

Common: Fever, small local reactions, swelling, exposure to thimerosal (Hg exposure)

Rare: Anaphylaxis, acute encephalpathy

 

 

 
Term

 

 

 

 

Contraindication to giving a vaccine

Definition

True

Moderate-sever illness w/ or w/out fever

anaphlyactic reation to specific or vacine component

 

Not

Mild-moderate local reaction • Mild acute illness • Diarrhea • Current antimicrobial therapy • Prematurity • Personal or family history of penicillin allergy • Recent exposure to infectious disease

Term

 

 

 

 

Active vs. passive immunity

Definition

Passive – Direct injection of antibodies via immune serums

 

 

Active – Direct injection of live partially modified organisms, killed organisms, or their toxins

– Provides longer protection than any passive immunity

(IMMUNE STIMULATING)

Term


 

 

Azathioprine (Imuran)

Immunosupressant




CBC-complete blood count

Definition

Indication: renal transplant, start 1-5 days prior to surgery if possible

Action: Suppresses production of T and B cells & antagonizes purine metabolism inhibit DNA & RNA syn

SE:  GI sx, megaloblastic anemia, hepatitis, sores in the mouth, skin rash, opportunistic infections- toxic to ALL proliferating cells, in pregnancy mutagenic & teratogenic

Drug-drug interactions: many + live virus vaccines

Monitoring: CBC weekly during first month, twice a month for next 2-3 months, then monthly LFTs, renal function, pregnancy  

Term



Cyclosporine (Neoral)

Immunosupressant

Definition

-Indication:  Renal, hepatic, or cardiac transplant (Usually in conjunction with steroids

-SE: (dose related) Leg cramps, n/v, acne or oily skin, tremors, swollen and bleeding gums, severe HTN, renal shutdown

-Drug-drug interactions:  Many drugs in different classes, live virus vaccines, grapefruit juice prevent metabolism of drug lead toxicity, use other interacting drugs to decrease dose decrease SE, alternative is tacrolimus (Prograf) but is more toxic

-Monitoring: Baseline data q2wk during first 3 months, then monthly; Dental exams for gingival hyperplasia, infection

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