Term
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Definition
Agents that decrease or prevent an immune response-->
Results in immunocompromised state |
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Term
What does ADME stand for? |
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Definition
Pharmokinetics to look for in drugs
absorption, distribution, metabolic, excretion |
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Term
Interferon
(Avonex, Rebif, Tysabri)
Disease: MS
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Definition
IMMUNMODULATOR
MS Function: reduce severity and frequency via inhibits migration of proinflammatory leukocytes across the blood brain barrier
ADME:Not absorbed orally, all doses are IM/SQ (intramuscular or subcutaneously)
SE: Can cause hypotension, bone marrow depression, skin breakdown, LFTs (liver function tests) and renal function
Extra: Expensive, 1st line treatment Relapsing-Remitting MS
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Term
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Definition
Attenuated (live)
– weakened, dead or inactivated pathogens
– altered so do not produce disease
– induce active immunity |
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Term
Risks from vaccines
Common & Rare
Contraindication: True and Not |
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Definition
Common: Fever, small local reactions, swelling, exposure to thimerosal (Hg exposure)
Rare: Anaphylaxis, acute encephalpathy
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Term
Contraindication to giving a vaccine |
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Definition
True
Moderate-sever illness w/ or w/out fever
anaphlyactic reation to specific or vacine component
Not
Mild-moderate local reaction • Mild acute illness • Diarrhea • Current antimicrobial therapy • Prematurity • Personal or family history of penicillin allergy • Recent exposure to infectious disease |
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Term
Active vs. passive immunity |
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Definition
Passive – Direct injection of antibodies via immune serums
Active – Direct injection of live partially modified organisms, killed organisms, or their toxins
– Provides longer protection than any passive immunity
(IMMUNE STIMULATING) |
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Term
Azathioprine (Imuran)
Immunosupressant
CBC-complete blood count |
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Definition
Indication: renal transplant, start 1-5 days prior to surgery if possible
Action: Suppresses production of T and B cells & antagonizes purine metabolism inhibit DNA & RNA syn
SE: GI sx, megaloblastic anemia, hepatitis, sores in the mouth, skin rash, opportunistic infections- toxic to ALL proliferating cells, in pregnancy mutagenic & teratogenic
Drug-drug interactions: many + live virus vaccines
Monitoring: CBC weekly during first month, twice a month for next 2-3 months, then monthly LFTs, renal function, pregnancy |
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Term
Cyclosporine (Neoral)
Immunosupressant |
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Definition
-Indication: Renal, hepatic, or cardiac transplant (Usually in conjunction with steroids
-SE: (dose related) Leg cramps, n/v, acne or oily skin, tremors, swollen and bleeding gums, severe HTN, renal shutdown
-Drug-drug interactions: Many drugs in different classes, live virus vaccines, grapefruit juice prevent metabolism of drug lead toxicity, use other interacting drugs to decrease dose decrease SE, alternative is tacrolimus (Prograf) but is more toxic
-Monitoring: Baseline data q2wk during first 3 months, then monthly; Dental exams for gingival hyperplasia, infection |
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