Term
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Definition
| refers to an inappropiate activation of the immune system |
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Term
| hypersensitivity reactions |
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Definition
| disorders caused by immune responses |
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Term
| what are the 4 types of hypersensitivity reactions? |
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Definition
| type 1 IGE mediated, type 2 antibody mediated,type 3 complement, type 4 T cell |
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Term
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Definition
| IgE mediated. allergic reaction. fast. |
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Term
| what 2 cells are very important for type 1 hypersensitivity? |
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Definition
| type 2 helper cells and mast cells or basophils |
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Term
| what is another name for type 2 helper t cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the twotypes of helper t cells? |
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Definition
| type 1 and type 2 helper t cells |
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Term
| type 1 helper t cells do what? |
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Definition
| they help B cells differentiate into IgM and IgG producing plasma cells |
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Term
| type 2 helper t cells help produce? |
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Definition
| cytokines that stimulate B cells into producing IgE plasma cells. |
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Term
| what else do helper t cells help do? |
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Definition
| they act as growth factors for mast cells and they recruit and activate eosinophils. |
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Term
| basophils are a type of... |
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Definition
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Term
| where are mast cells located? |
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Definition
| in the connective tissues |
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Term
| type 1 hypersensitivity begins with... |
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Definition
| sensitization of mast cells and basophil's |
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Term
| what happens during the sensitization stage? |
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Definition
| allergen specific IgE antibodies attach to receptors on the mast/basophil's surface |
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Term
| subsequent exposure to an allergen causes...? |
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Definition
| degranulation of mast and basphils. causes them to release their preformed mediators. |
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Term
| mast cells have cytokines, prostaglandins and leukotrienes...what does this do? |
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Definition
| they help continue the allergic response |
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Term
| what are preformed mediators? |
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Definition
| histamine, ACH, enzymes... |
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Term
| enzyme release leads to the generation of...? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| vasodilator and increased capillary and venous permiability |
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Term
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Definition
| bronchial smooth muscle contraction and dilation of small blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammatory peptides that produce vasodilation and smoth muscle contraction |
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Term
| leukotrienes and prostaglandins... |
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Definition
| produce affects similar to histamine however it is a severely delayed response. |
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Term
| IgE not only do allergic response...they also do...? |
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Definition
| they also attack during parasite infections. they kill the larvae |
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Term
| what are symptoms of hypersensitivity? |
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Definition
| itching, hives, skin erythemia, ,vomiting, cramps,obstrution or air, shock, death |
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Term
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Definition
| type 1. hay fever, food allergies,asthma. family history, lots of basophils in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| type1. sneezing, itching, watery discharge of nose. |
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Term
| severe allergic rhinitus ha what symptoms? |
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Definition
| fatigue, no fever,sinus obstruction, systemic malaise |
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Term
| what are some allergen associated with allergic rhinitus? |
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Definition
| grasses, trees, weeds, dust mites, animal dander, feathers, ragweed |
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Term
| type 2 anti-body mediated response |
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Definition
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Term
| complement antibody mediated cell destruction |
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Definition
| cells are coating,opsonization,so that they can be killed ex: rh incompatible |
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Term
| complement and antibody mediated inflammation |
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Definition
| rejection of grafts. when chemical are released in matrix and cause inflammation |
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Term
| antibody mediated cellular dysfunction |
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Definition
| binding to an antigen whcih causes a change in function |
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Term
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Definition
| deposisiting antibody complexes that cause damage and inflammation of vessels etc. |
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Term
| systemic immune complex disorders |
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Definition
| when IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited and cause damage |
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Term
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Definition
| urticaria, patchy rash, edema, and fever. damage is usually temporary |
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Term
| localized immune complex reactin |
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Definition
| injection of an antien caused a lesion and necorses of lesion=arthus reaction. binds to IgG |
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Term
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Definition
| cell mediated. 2 types-dalayed and direct. |
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Term
| direct cell mediated cytotoxicity |
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Definition
| cytotoxic t lymphocytes attack all infected cells and cause tissue injury |
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Term
| delayed type hypersensitivity disorders |
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Definition
| Th1 cells are activated and secrete mediators and cytokines. takes 24-72 hours |
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Term
| what is a good example of delayed type hypersensitivitydisoders? |
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Definition
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Term
| delayed type hypersensitivity causes what kind fo rejection? |
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Definition
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Term
| hypersensitivity pneumonitis |
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Definition
| exposure to inhaled organic dusts. or antigens. dry cough,chills,fever,headache |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to deferentiate self from non self |
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Term
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Definition
| the elimination of self reactive t and b cells in central lymphoid tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| the deletion or inactivation of autoreactive t cells or b cells that escaped elimination in the central plymphoid tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| the state of unresponsivness to antigens. |
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Term
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Definition
| when the body attacks bad b cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| t cell receptors for a non self antigen are allowed ot mature in the thymus |
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Term
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Definition
| t cells with a high affinity for hostcells undergo apoptosis or death |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| b lymphocytes. immediately reactions, has memory cells, fights bacteria and viruses |
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Term
| humoral immunity continued.. |
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Definition
| makes the antibodies. anaphylactic shock, transfusion reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| t cells. has memory cells. delayed reaction. fights fungus, tumors, and some viruses. |
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Term
| cell mediated immunity continued... |
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Definition
| TB, fungal infections, contact dermatitis, destruction of cancer cells, graft rejections |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cytotoxic cells that bind and kill pathogens. |
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Term
| what do t helper cells do? |
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Definition
| they stimulate b cells into developing into plasma cells. |
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Term
| what is the outcome of hypersensitivity? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| immune reaction other people's tissues. ex: organ rejection |
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Term
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Definition
| disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self antigens |
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Term
| cell mediated delayed respone |
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Definition
| sensitized t cells that end up have a lymphokine release. |
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Term
| in type 2 hypersensitivity what binds to what?? |
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Definition
| IgE binds to the FC receptors |
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Term
| what you have a large amount of histamine being released what happens to your BP? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chronic multi system inflammation disease against blood, lymphocytes, blood cloting factors |
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Term
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Definition
| changes in connective tissues, vascular lesions, multisystem inflammation. |
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Term
| clinical manifestations of SLE |
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Definition
| renal diseae, cardio problems, arthritis, and rask. butterfly rash!! |
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