Term
| Bacillus (rod) Gram positive + List |
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Definition
1. Cornebacterium
2. Listeria
3. Bacillus
4. Clostridium
5. Mycobacterium (acid fast) |
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Term
| Bacillus (rod) Gram negative - list |
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Definition
1. Escherichia Coli
2. Shigella
3. Salmonella
4. Yersinia
5. Klebsiella
6. Proteus
7. Enterobacter
8. Serratia
9. Vibrio
10. Capmylobaceteri
11. Helicobacter
12. Psuedomonas
13. Bacteroides |
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Term
|
Definition
Spirochetes
1. Treponema
2. Borrelia
3. Leptospira
Camplyobader |
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Term
|
Definition
Gram +
1. Nocardia
2. Bacillus cereus
Gram -
1. Neisseria
2. Pseudomonas
3. Bordetella
4. Legionella
5. Brucella
Acid Fast
1. Mycobacterium
2. Nocardia |
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Term
| Obligate Anaerobes List positive and negative |
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Definition
Gram +
1. Clostridium
Gram -
1. Bacterioides |
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Term
| Obligate Aerobes Acid gram negative |
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Definition
| Most other gram negative rods |
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Term
|
Definition
Gram +
1. Streptococcus
Gram -
Spirochetes
1. Treponema
2. Borrelia
3. Leptospira
Campylobader |
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Term
| List Faculltative Anaerobes gram positive bacteria |
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Definition
1.Staphylococcus
2. Bacillus anthracis
3. Corynebacterium
4. Listeria (endotoxin)
5. Actinomyces |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tail help move bacteria cell to move |
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Term
|
Definition
| short projection not used for mobility but used for mating |
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Term
|
Definition
| "to attach" bacteria used to attach to a surface or together. |
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Term
|
Definition
| protective wall surrounding the bacteria |
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Term
| List the Tests to identify capsules |
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Definition
1. India Ink stain: clear halo around cell.
2. Quellung: An antibody that binds to capsule causing it to swell up, which shows in microscope. |
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Term
| List the six major shapes for bacteria |
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Definition
1. Cocci (round)
2. Bacilli (rods)
3. Spiral
4. Pleomorphic
5. Branching
6. No cell wall |
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Term
|
Definition
| The process of antibodies binding to the capsule. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Formed by 2 bacteria, aerobic bacillus, anaerobic clostridium. Both gram positive. |
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Term
| List Facultative Intracellular Organisms |
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Definition
1. Listeria monocytogenes
2. Salmonella typhi
3. Yersinia
4. Franscisella tularensis
5. Brucella
6. Legionella
7. mycobacteriu. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Protiens released by both gram negative and gram positive bacteria. Released by all gram positive except for Listeria (endotoxin). Act on nervous system to cause paralysis: tetanus and botulinum. |
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Term
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Definition
| They enter the GI tract and kill the epithelial tissue which causes Na to leak out. Where sodium goes, water follows causing dehydration and diarrhea. |
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Term
| List the Facultative Intracellularborganisms |
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Definition
1. Listeria
2. Yersinia
3. Salmonella Typhi
4. Francsiella Tularensis
5. Brucsiella
6. Legionella
7. Mycobacterium |
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Term
| Name the two infectious diseases caused by enterotoxins. |
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Definition
Infectious diarrhea
Food poisoning. |
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Term
| List the bacteria that cause infectious diarrhea. |
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Definition
1. Escheria Coli
2. Vibrio Cholera
3. Campylobacter
4. Shigella Dysentariae |
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Term
| Describe Escheria Coli characteristics. |
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Definition
Causes diarrhea
Urinary tract infection
Neonatal meningitis
Gram - sepsis
**Normal flora
Exotoxin LT and ST and shiga
Endotoxin Lipid A |
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Term
| Name the characteristics of Vibrio Cholera |
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Definition
Has Flagellum
Cholera toxin
Fecal oral transmission
"Rice water" diarrhea. |
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Term
| Name the characteristics of Campylobacter |
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Definition
From unpasterized milk.
Bloody diarrhea
Begins with fever and headache |
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Term
| Name the characteristics of Shigella |
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Definition
No Flagella or Pili
Only in humans
Shiga toxin
No fever
Bright red blood and pus in diarrhea
Common in Pre school and nursing homes. |
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Term
| Name the two bacteria that cause food poisoning |
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Definition
Bacillus Cerrus
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Term
| Name the characteristics of Bacillus Cerrus |
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Definition
Causes food poisoning.
Spore forming rod
Mobile
Non encapsulated but still resistNt to penicillin even though gram positive! |
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Term
| List the characteristics of Sraphyloccus aureus. |
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Definition
Has microcapsule and big peptodoglycan wall.
Six proteins disable our immune system.
1. Protein A
2. Coagulse
3. Hemolysins
4. Leukocidins
5. Penicillinases
6. Novel penicilln bing protein |
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Term
| What does Stapylococcus Protein A do? |
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Definition
| Binds to FC and inhibits the macrophage from opsinization. |
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Term
| Describe Staphylococcus Coagulse |
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Definition
| It is an enzyme that produces fiber coatings to protect from being phagocytized. |
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Term
| What is Stapylococcus aureus Hemolysins? |
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Definition
It destroys red blood cells,
Neutrophils, macrophages, platelets. |
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Term
| What do Leukocidins do and what bacteria do they belong to? |
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Definition
| Thy destroy white blood cells and they belong to Staphylococcus aureus. |
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Term
| What is staphylococcus Penicillnases? |
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Definition
| Penicillinases binds to Beta portion of penicillin destroying or inactivating it. |
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Term
What iS Staphylococcus Aureus
Novel penicillin bing protein? |
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Definition
| It inhibits production of peptidoglycans so there is no wall for penicillin to bind to. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Released by all gram negative bacteria |
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Term
|
Definition
| Breaks down proteoglycan in connective tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
| Opens up formed fibrin clots. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Degrades fats and oils. It colonizes in sebaceous glands. |
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Term
|
Definition
| It destroys tissue protein. Most commonly the heart tissue (valves) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Breaks down proteoglycan in connective tissue. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Opens up formed fibrin clots. |
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Term
| Give the cause and symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome |
|
Definition
caused from prolonged tampon use.
Symptoms are sudden onset of high fever,
nausea,
vomiting,
water diarrhea,
followed by a rash and desquamination of palms and soles of feet. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of the epithelial tissue. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tumor of the connective tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
| Symptoms of disease are at rest. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fine needle aspiration- removal of liquid or cell from a lump by a needle. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Coughing up and spitting out blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
| When blood pools within the pleural cavity surround the lungs. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormally low levels of oxygen in the blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Coughed up from lungs of blood, pus |
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Term
|
Definition
| Absence of respiratory ventilation. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the bronchi because of allergic substance in the lungs. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the bronchi |
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Term
|
Definition
| Common cold with runny nose. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Viral infectious disease obstructing the larynx. |
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Term
| Describe Staphylococcus Shape and if it is Catalase positive or negative |
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Definition
| Circular cluster and is Catalase positive. |
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Term
| Why is Catalase positive important |
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Definition
| To prevent the nueutrophil and macrophage from destroying the bacteria. Neutrophil and macrophage use hydrogen peroxide and Catalase converts it into water and oxygen. |
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Term
| What is the shape oif Strepalococcus and is it Catalase positive or negative? |
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Definition
| Strep is circular and lines up in a straight row and is Catalase negative. |
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Term
| List the three types of Strepolococcus |
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Definition
1.Group A Alpha
2. Group A Beta
3. Gamma |
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Term
| List all the names for Group A Beta |
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Definition
1. Group A Beta
2. Strep pyogenes
3. Strep pharyngitis
4. Strep throat |
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Term
| What does Strep Alpha, Group A do to red Blood cells? |
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Definition
| It partially breaks up red blood cells giving them a green color under a microscope. |
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Term
| What does Group A Beta do to red blood cells? |
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Definition
| Breaks up the whole red blood cell to pieces. Color is a clear zone area of destroyed blood cells when seen in a microscope. |
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Term
| What does Strep Gamma do to red blood cells? |
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Definition
| Can not break red blood cells. No color or change is seen under a microscope. Also known as non hemolytic strep. |
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Term
| What is Calase? Why is it important? |
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Definition
| Breaks down Hydrogen Peroxide into Water and Oxygen. Important because Neutrophils and macrophage need hydrogen peroxide. Calase prevents it by changing it. |
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Term
| What is another name for Strep Gamma? |
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Definition
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Term
| What diseases do Group A beta cause? |
|
Definition
1. Pharyngitis - strep throat
2. Strep skin infections
3. Scarlet fevor
4. Strep toxic shock syndrome |
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