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Imaging
MRI, CAT, Ultrasound, etc
42
Science
Undergraduate 3
09/18/2011

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Cards

Term
kilo
Definition
10^3
Term
mega
Definition
10^6
Term
giga
Definition
10^9
Term
milli
Definition
10^-3
Term
micro
Definition
10^-6
Term
nano
Definition
10^-9
Term
How long after formation of a first tumor cell before a woman can feel a tumor in her breast?
Definition
8 years
Term
How long does it take for a malignant lesions in the lung to become detectable?
Definition
12 years
Term
frequency
Definition
number of times a repetitive event occurs in a specific time period; count humps
Term
wavelength
Definition
distance between peaks
Term
nanometer
Definition
waves are normally expressed in this measurement
Term
How does electromagnetic radiation travel?
Definition
As a wave
Term
What properties do all electromagnetic wave exhibit?
Definition
wave and particle like properties
Term
what do electromagnetic radiation consist of?
Definition
photons that carry energy like bags
Term
in the electromagnetic spectrum, as energy level of photons decreases..
Definition
wavelength increases
Term
Gamma ray
Definition
most energetic, 10^-6
Term
xray cannot pass through
Definition
bone
Term
ultraviolet cannot pass through
Definition
skin
Term
visible spectrum
Definition
400-700nm
Term
ultrasound
Definition
pressure waves(sound waves) that only travel through matter, frequency 1-20MHz
Term
true or false: high attenuation coefficient allows a lot to pass through it
Definition
false, higher the ac the harder it is for things to pass through
Term
beer lambert law measures
Definition
attenuation of radiation through material
Term
Beer Lambert Law formula
Definition
I=Io e^(ux) I intensity, Io initial intensity, u attenuation coefficient, X material thickness, e euler (2.72)
Term
doppler effect
Definition
measures velocity and direction, if difference is higher its coming towards - if difference is lower its moving away
Term
electromagnetic radiation travels
Definition
at the speed of light
Term
Marie Curie
Definition
discovered dangers of xrays
Term
air attenuation coefficient
Definition
dark, low, -1000
Term
bone
Definition
high, light, 1000
Term
nuclear/isotope imaging
Definition
radiation produced by injecting radionuclides, radionuclides may accumulate faster in some areas (problem)
Term
Computed Axial Tomography (CAT)
Definition
process of using computers to generate 3d image from flat xray pictures
Term
back projection
Definition
method of producing images to a translucent screen so they are viewed from the opposite side
Term
back projection
Definition
method of producing images to a translucent screen so they are viewed from the opposite side
Term
Paul Lauterbur and Peter Mansfield
Definition
Winners of the Nobel Peace Prize for Physiology
Term
MRI
Definition
imaging relies on the inherent magnetic properties of hydrogen atoms in water molecules in the body
Term
Hydrogen nuclei
Definition
have magnetic properties called nuclear spin
Term
null net magnetization
Definition
sum of all the spins
Term
true or false: hydrogen molecules cannot be magnetized
Definition
false
Term
how strong is a MRI magnet?
Definition
1-3 tesla, 100,000x the magnetization of the earth
Term
resonance
Definition
exchange of energy between 2 systems at a specific frequency
Term
magnetic resonance corresponds
Definition
between spins and electromagnetic radiofrequency
Term
electromagnetic radiofrequency
Definition
RF, produced from radio wave generator
Term
contrast agents
Definition
artificially raised attenuation coefficient
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