Bogazkoy Cup with Mycenaean Warrior

[image]

• Depiction of weapons that are traded amongst different areas
• Shows connection with Hittite and Mycenaeans
• Depicts an Ahhiyawa warlords (Achaens)
• Agean B type Sword

Bull Leaping Fresco with Knossos

[image]

• Minoans were peace-loving and animal-loving people.
• Minoans loved to depict animals on their work of art.
• Decorative panels

Linear B Tablet from Pylos

[image]

• 3000 Tablets of Linear B found in Pylos
• Indicated that Minoans were slave owners and conquered Mycenaeans
• Proved that Greeks were influenced by Minoan palaces and hiearchy, bureaucratized systems. They repaid them by taking over.
• Discovered to be a form of Greek.

Tholos Tomb and Mycenae 

[image]

• Used for burial purposes
• Resembles a beehive
• Entrances provided opportunity for demonstration of wealth.
• Rich findings

Nichoria House VIa

[image]

• Big Man's house
• Projection of hierarchy
• One person had an important role in this area
• Organizing warfare and Family
• Status and influence

Heroon at Lefkandi

[image]

• "Hero's Grave"
• Hunting scene, couple found
• Woman and man found here
• Commemoration of local hero, riches found, showed wealth and status
• He was created, woman was bones adorned with jewlery 

Nestor's Cup from Pithekoussai (early Greek writing in Euboean script)

[image]

• Euboean script that is closest to Phoenician alphabet
• Golden mixing cup described in Homer's Iliad that belonged to King Nestor
• Clay drinking vessel
• Displays oldest version of Greek Alphabet

Milman Parry and South Slavic Guslars

[image]

• Helped develop theory of Homer as poet who composed his works orally without writing
• Series of bards 
• Key element: Stories without words, and created them into music and set ways of creating scenes with building blocks that they use together. They weren't only recent, but they were archaic language.

Dipylon Krater -- Grave Marker at Athens

[image]

• Indicates communal sense of control, an organization
• All the graves are pretty much uniform.
• Increase of silver, showing wealth, appears largely in the 8th century
• Increase in number dramatically.
• Burial procession

Argive Heraion

[image]

• House of the cult statue
• Key in trade
• Communal consciousness and self-awareness
• Model of the Century
• Marks relationship dead with the divine, a mode of communication.
• Indicates communal organization and activity
• Polis is the fortified center and surrounding character
• Marks Polis

Rich Athenian Ladies' Tomb

[image]

• Solon's property classes and of great wealth in Athens derived from control and grain trade
• Tomb is marked by rich dedications from the East, testifying to exrtaordinary wealth and access to around the Greek world.
• 5 miniature granaries restoring grain, incredibly wealth burial site
• Aristocracy flaunting their ownership of the land through their control of grain.

The Myth of Authochthony

[image]

• The belief that Athenians were born from the land of Attica and hence the natural possessors of the land, and concomitantly that the land is part of their very identity
• We are related to the divine.
• Tells stories that Athenians were born from the Earth.

Harmodius and Aristogeiton

[image]

• Tyrant Slayers
• They struck down the Tyrants.
• Sparta took quite an important role in downplaying the tyranny.
• Tyranny is a key way that the Athens strayed away from other corruption.
• Smooth progression from aristocracy, to tyranny, to democracy.

Panathenaic Games/Getty Panathenaic Amphora

[image]

[image]

• Unites people together through games.
• Pisistratus emphasized trade, exporting the image of wealth.
• Each winner of the races would get a number of these Panathenas which were incredibly valuable and embodied the key elements of the Athens.
• Product of land and oil.

The Great Dionysia -- Pronomos Vase

[image]

• Tragedies came to be performed
• Patronizing the arts is a key part that explains their success.
• Projecting the power of the Athens, and its control of resources and arts.

(Unfinished) Temple of Zeus -- Olympeion

[image]

• Built for father Zeus
• This really speaks to desire to project power of Athens.
• It wants to be the biggest temple to Zeus in Athens.
• It became abandoned because of hubris of Tyrants.

The Hysplex -- starting mechanism

[image]

• Isonomia  -- equality {in the games}
• Recreating Spartan mechanisms, different things that they tried out.
• They all started at the same time.
• Wanted to make it a more fair system.

Judges with a whip (rhabdos) punishing cheating athletes

[image]

• Boxing Match
• the judge is holding a switch, whip to hit the cheating individual
• Isonomia -- equality of law
• A free man competing at the game, voluntary submitting to be beaten if cheating at the game
• Emphasized their link to equality in games.
• Applauded themselves for being democratic

Kreugas and Demoxenos

[image]

• Each fighter gets one single last blow.
• Demoxenos uses all his fingers to kill Kreugas, each finger counts as one hit, breaking isonomia.
• Kreugas is winner in the end.

Serpent Column from Delphi

[image]

• Commemorates Greek unity (and disunity) against Persians.
• The Greeks won liberty from beating the Persians.
• Greek gained right to continue fighting each other, leading to the Peloponnesian war.
• This structure served as a tribute of their justice.

The emergence of ostracism (exile) at Athens

[image]

• Kallias Kratio dressed like a Persian archer because he was ostracized.
• Elevation of importance of Generals has changed.
• Accusations of treachery in family lead to exile, emerging ostracism.

Inscription for sale of Alcibiades' 

[image]

• Scandal in the Athens where Alcibiades castrated all the Phalluses.
• Alcibiades himself did this at night. Dressed himself as a high priest and made fun of these secrets with his friends.
• Form of disrespect to oikos
• Flees to Sparta
• All of his property is sold off

{The Look of Greek Comedy}

Comic Chorus of Men on Horseback

[image]

• Comedy takes something very heroic and then puts it in a mundane manner.
• Making it a humourous. 
• Comedy does not idealize the human body.
• Represents comedy and how they needed it to relief their anxiety from their conflict with Sparta.

{The Look of Greek Comedy}

Figurine of Greek Comic Actor (375-350 BCE)

[image]

• Human body is not idealized and made humourous.
• Mockery of human anatomy.
• Costume matches literary program of Comedy.

Scene from Aristophanes' thesmophoriazusae

[image]

• Man are playing as women in these plays: Aristophanes proposing that women should make political decisions.
• Subverise role of women in a male-dominated society

{Pederastic 'Up and Down' gesture}

Attic Black Figure Cup -- Athens

[image]

• The suitor would attempt to seduce him by touching his dick and staring him right in the eye. <-- Some sexy ass shit going down. 
• Men courted boys at the gymnasia or the palaestrae, at symposia, the baths and on the streets of the city.
• This relationship ended when the youth reached adulthood, then they'd just remain as friends after (phillia)

Achilles tending Patroclus' wound. Attic Red Figure Kylix

[image]

• Greek practice of Pederasty.
• Two heroes having a deep and meaningful relationship.
• Pederasty in ancient Greece was a socially acknowledged erotic relationship between an adult male (the erastes) and a younger male (the eromenos) usually in his teens.