Term
| Which dislocation of the shoulder would be described as subacromion? |
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Definition
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Term
| what patient position contributes to shoulder retraction? |
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Definition
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Term
| to place the lesser tubercle in profile medially, the humeral epicondyles should be _____ to the IR for AP shoulder. |
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Definition
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Term
| The humerus is appears foreshortened on an axillary shoulder image. What caused the distortion? |
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Definition
| Not abducting the arm to 90 degrees |
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Term
| What shoulder positioning method should be used to demonstrate the glenoid cavity in profile? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which border of the scapula is thick with two cortical outlines? |
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Definition
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Term
| for AP clavicle, if MCP is tilted anteriorly or posteriorly, what type of foreshortening will be seen? |
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Definition
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Term
| for the AP scapula, the humerus should be abducted how many degrees? |
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Definition
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Term
| for AP shoulder, what type of foreshortening is seen in the scapula? |
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Definition
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Term
| For AP shoulder, without dislocation the posterior portion of glenoid will show superimposition with what? |
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Definition
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Term
for AP shoulder with unintended rotation, which way is patient rotated if:
scapular body appears wider
thorax is superimposed on superolateral scapular region
glenoid cavity more in profile
clavicle is longitudinally foreshorted with the medial end shifted away from the vertebral column |
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Definition
| rotated toward the affected shoulder |
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Term
for AP shoulder with unintended rotation, which way is patient rotated if:
scapular body has increased transverse foreshortening
thorax is superimposed over a smaller amount of scapula
glenoid cavity is better demonstrated
medial end of clavicle is s/i over vertebral column |
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Definition
| rotated away from affected shoulder |
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Term
| Tilt of MCP determines which type of foreshortening of the scapular body? |
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Definition
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Term
| For AP shoulder, if upper MCP is tilted anteriorly, what happens to the superior scapular angle? |
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Definition
| It will be demonstrated superior to midclavicle |
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Term
| For AP shoulder, if the patient is kyphotic, how should the CR be directed? |
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Definition
| cephalic until perpendicular to the scapular body |
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Term
| For AP shoulder, how should the humerus be positioned? |
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Definition
| parallel with the body (not abducted) |
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Term
| For AP shoulder, what should be at the center of the collimated field? |
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Definition
| glenohumeral joint space and coracoid process |
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Term
| For AP shoulder, what should be included? |
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Definition
| GHJ, lateral 2/3 of clavicle, proximal 1/3 of humerus, and superior scapula |
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Term
| For AP shoulder, where should the CR be? |
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Definition
| 1" inferior to coracoid process |
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Term
| For AP shoulder, with hand in neutral position, describe greater tubercle and humeral head: |
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Definition
| greater tubercle partially in profile laterally, humeral head partially in profile medially |
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Term
| For AP shoulder, with hand in external rotation, describe greater tubercle and humeral head, lesser tubercle, and epicondyles of humerus |
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Definition
| greater tubercle in profile laterally, humeral head in profile medially, lesser tubercle (cortical outline) shown between them, epicondyles parallel to IR |
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Term
| For AP shoulder, with hand in internal rotation, describe greater tubercle and humeral head, lesser tubercle, and epicondyles of humerus |
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Definition
| lesser tubercle in profile medially, humeral head superimposed by greater tubercle, epicondyles perpendicular to IR |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, describe the margins of the glenoid cavity and humeral head relationships |
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Definition
| inferior and superior margins of glenoid cavity nearly superimposed with only a small amount of humeral head s/i. |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, what should the lateral edge of the coracoid process be aligned with? |
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Definition
| inferior glenoid cavity margin |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, if the humerus is abducted to 90 degrees, what should the angle of the CR be to the lateral body surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, if the humeral abduction is less than 90 degrees, then the angle of CR to lateral body surface should be what? |
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Definition
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, if CR angle to lateral body surface is too small, what happens? |
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Definition
| inferior margin of glenoid cavity will be projected lateral to the lateral edge of the coracoid process base |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, if CR angle to lateral body surface is too large, what happens? |
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Definition
| the inferior glenoid cavity margin will be projected medial to the lateral edge of the coracoid process base |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, how should the proximal humerus and humeral shaft be demonstrated? |
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Definition
| proximal humerus without distortion, long axis of humeral shaft with limited foreshortening |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, how can distortion of the humeral head be reduced? |
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Definition
| By abducting the humerus 90 degrees; the more humeral abduction, the less distortion. |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, if humeral epicondyles are parallel with floor, where is lesser tuberble? |
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Definition
| demonstrated in profile anteriorly |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, if humeral epicondyles are at 45-degree angle with floor, where is lesser tuberble? |
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Definition
| in partial profile anteriorly with posteriolateral aspect of humeral head in profile posteriorly. |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, if humeral epicondyles are at more than 45-degree angle with floor (or if elbow is flexted), where is lesser tuberble? |
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Definition
| lesser tubercle and posterolateral humeral head will not be demonstated |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, how should humeral epicondyles be positioned relative to floor to demonstated a Hill-Sachs defect? |
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Definition
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, how should the coracoid process look? |
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Definition
| The entire coracoid process s/b demonstrated in profile. |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, if the base of the coracoid process is beneath the glenoid cavity, what positioning error is indicated? |
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Definition
| excessive external rotation |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, what should be included? |
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Definition
| glenoid cavity, coracoid process, scapular spine, acromion process, and 1/3 of proximal humerus |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, what should be done to insure inclusion of the scapular spine? |
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Definition
| elevate the patient's shoulder 2" to 3" |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, to include the coracoid, what should be done to the patient and IR? |
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Definition
| turn the head, place IR closely against the neck |
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Term
| For inferosuperior axial projection, to align the CR with the GHJ, where should CR be centered? |
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Definition
| center the CR horizontally to the MAL region at the same level of teh coracoid process. |
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