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IMA Lab
Key Terms & other useful information
80
Other
Not Applicable
09/19/2005

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Term
Amps
Definition
The flow of electricity of current is measured in amps.
Term
Boom Operator
Definition
The assistant to the production audio mixer that is responsible for optimal microphone placement on a film set.
Term
Compressors
Definition
Alters the dynamics or differences between low and high volumes within an audio signal. It is useful when recording to take out the sharp peaks in the audio to maximize the volume going to the recorder without distortion. It can also be used as an effect to make voices sound bigger and fuller, increase loudness, and smoothen mixes.
Term
Current
Definition
The flow of electricity. Measured in Amps
Term
Dry Signal
Definition
Any signal that has not been processed or affected in any way.
Term
Dub Stage
Definition
The place were the re-recording processe takes place. It is basically a movie theater with a recording console.
Term
Dynamic Based Effects Processors
Definition
A processor that controls or alters the dynamics or the amplitude of a signal.
Term
Electromotive Force
Definition
The electromotive pressure or force. Measured in Volts.
Term
Equalizers
Definition
Frequency selective amplifiers that allow us to alter the frequency characteristics of a given sound. Grouped with dynamic processing became they deal with amplitude.
Term
Final Mix
Definition
Mixing sound for a film into stems, which will be combined to represent the finished soundtrack.
Term
Flangers
Definition
Originally, "flanging" was achieved using two reel-to-reel tape recorders playing the same program, in sync, with their outputs summed together. By alternately slowing down one machine then the other, different phase cancellations occurred. since the two signals would alternately add and subtract due to the introduced phase (timing) difference, the audible effect was described as a "swishing" or "tunneling" sound. We can not mimic the "swishing" sound with electronic devices.
Term
Foley
Definition
Effects that are added in real time to the picture by foley artists. These effects are usually footsteps, body movements or prop handling.
Term
Frequency
Definition
The number of waves or cycles passing through a point at a specific time. Measured in hertz (Hz)
Term
Gates
Definition
Control the amplitude of a signal with basically two states: Open and colsed. Open allows the signal to pass; closed does not allow the signal to pass. All gates feature controls for both the amplitude level where the gate opens and closes and how quickly it changes from open to closed.
Term
Hertz (Hz)
Definition
The measurement of frequency.
Term
Impedance
Definition
Prevents the flow of (AC) electricity. Measured in Ohms.
Term
Inverse Square Law
Definition
Every time we double the distance from a sound or light source, the amplitude drops to 1/4 of the strength.
Term
Inverse Square Law Formula
Definition
20LOG(Dr/DM)
DR = Reference Distance
DM = Measured Distance
Term
Ohm's Law
Definition
The strength of a direct current is directly proportional to the potential difference and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit.
Term
Ohm's Law Formula
Definition
I=P/E
I=E/R
I=E/Z
Term
Ohms (AC)
Definition
Impedance: Prevents the flow of (AC) electricity. Measured in Ohms.
Term
Ohms (DC)
Definition
Resistance: Prevents the flow of (DC) electricity. Measured in Ohms.
Term
Original Score
Definition
Music that is made specifically for a particular film.
Term
Parametric Equalizer
Definition
A frequency selective amplifier that allows the user to control and manipulate various bandwidths and frequencies of a given signal or sound.
Term
Pi = ?
Definition
= 3.14 (3.14159265)
Term
Power
Definition
The energy used to preform work. Measured in Watts
Term
Pre-Dubs/Pre-Mixes
Definition
The process of mixing all of the sound elements so that the final mix can be accomplished with less work.
Term
Presentation Boards
Definition
These boards only feature the key elements of a project. They are usually drawn bigger and in color for the client.
Term
Production Audio Mixers
Definition
Works with the boom operator and is responsible for capturing the sounds on a film set.
Term
Production Boards
Definition
These boards show every camera angle, shot, cut, special effect, and action and every movmement. These are the boards that the production crew will be using.
Term
Resistance
Definition
Prevents the flow of (DC) electricity. Measured in Ohms.
Term
Reverb
Definition
These devices are used to mimic the acoustic reflections of different sized areas.
Term
Room Tone
Definition
The additional background audio that is recorded on set that is used in the mixing process.
Term
Source Music
Definition
Pre-existing music that is added for a particular film.
Term
Stems
Definition
The final elements of a soundtrack (usually dialog, music and effects) that when combined, make up the finished mix of a film.
Term
Time Based Effects Processors
Definition
A processor that control or alters the timing of a signal.
Term
Time Code
Definition
24 hour reference clock encoded as a digital audio signal that is used for syncing purposes and editing.
Term
Volts
Definition
Electromotive Force - The electrical pressure or fource.
Term
Watts
Definition
Power - the energy used to preform work.
Term
Wavelength
Definition
The physical length of a wave form one point to another point of corresponding phase.
Term
Wavelength formula
Definition
Speed of a wave / frequency
Term
Wet Signal
Definition
Any signal that has been manipulated with effects. Ex. the addition of reverb or flanging to a signal.
Term
Every time you double your distance from a sound source you will drop ? dB.
Definition
6 db
Term
Metric Conversions

Tell Granny Mom knows
about
my ugly new piercing
Definition
TGMK 0 munp

Tell Granny Mom knows
about
my ugly new piercing

T = Tera 12
G = Giga 9
M = Mega 6
k = Kilo 3
0
m = Milli -3
u = Micro -6
n = Nano -9
p = Pico -12
Term
Speed of a sound wave is ?
Definition
1130 feet per second
Term
Electricity Chart
P = E*I | R*I2 | E2/R
E = R*I | P/I | /-P*R
R = E/I | E2/P | P/I2
I = E/R | P/E | /-P/R
Definition
PIERZ WAVOO

P = power
I = current
E = Electromotive Force
R = Resistance
Z = Impedance

W = Watts
A = Amps
V = Volts
O = Ohms
O = Ohms
Term
Pan
Definition
Camera turns left & right. This is commonly used to show wide landscape.
Term
Tilt
Definition
Camera tilts up or down. this is commonly used to show tall objects or to follow charaters.
Term
Dolly
Definition
The camera is moved in towards or out away from subject.
Term
Trucking
Definition
The camera rolls left or right, parallel to the scene.
Term
Mechanicals
Definition
Cranes or Jib arms
Term
Zoom
Definition
the picture moves from wide shot to close-up or from close-up to wide shot or any cobination.
Term
Time code diplays ?
Definition
Hours : Minutes : Seconds : Frames
example - 02:38:44:42
(remember last section is frames there fore works in increments of 30 not 60 such as time)
Term
Velocity
Definition
aka - Speed

V=D/T
T=D/V
D=T*V
Term
Every ? db increase is double the power of the previous decibel level?
Definition
3 db
Every time we double our speakers we are doubling the power. Therefore every time we double our speakers we will gain 3db
Term
Area of a rectangle?
Definition
A*B = Area (unit squared)
2*(A+B) = Perimeter
Term
Volume of a rectangular prism?
Definition
A*B*C = volume (unit cubed)
Length
Width
Depth
Term
Surface area of a rectangular prism?
Definition
2(LW+LD+WD) = x (x*2) = Surface area (unit squared)
Term
Circle area and circumference?
Definition
A = pi * r2
c = pi * d

pi=3.14
Term
Angles of a Triangle
Definition
A+B+C = 180 degrees
Term
Area of Triangle ?
Definition
A = 1/2(Base*Height)
Term
Sides of Triangle
Definition
C = -/a2+b2
A = -/c2-b2
B = -/c2-a2
Term
Advertisements
3 parts of an Ad
Definition
Psychology of Color
Lay Out (How does it flow, is there a clear path for your eyes to follow)
Copy (the way ads are worded)
Term
Persuasion Based Anthority
Definition
People with knowledge
Term
Fears & Problems
Definition
Presents a Problem
Offers a solution
Effective
Believable
Term
Fun & Pleasure
Definition
People & attitudes associated with the product.
Term
Vanitres & Egos
Definition
High Priced items
Sells an image
No Strong aguments
Term
Consensus
Definition
Consensus implies correctness
We agree with people we like
Everyone is doing it, so why shouldn't I?
Celebrity Endorsments.
Term
Color Theory says Black suggests ...
Definition
authority, power, boldness, seriousness, is distinguishing and classic. Business wise it's great for creating drama and is good for background color. It is ideal for text on a light background.
Term
Color Theory says Blue suggests ...
Definition
security, authority, faithfulness and dignity. for business it suggests sanctuary and fiscal responsibility. It is the most popular and the second most powerful color.
Term
Color Theory says Brown suggests ...
Definition
suggests richness, politeness, helpfulness and effectiveness. In business it suggests less important items. Solid, reliable brown is the color of earth and is abundant in nature. Light brown implies genuineness while dark brown is similar to wood or leather. It it is popular food color.
Term
Color Theory says Gray suggests ...
Definition
suggests authority, practicality, earnestness and creativity. Business wise it is traditional and conservative.
Term
Color Theory says Green suggests ...
Definition
suggests health, fertility, freedom, freshness, healing, tranquility and jealousy. Business use it to communicate status and wealth. It is the easiest color on the eye. It is a calming, refreshing color. It is populor for food.
Term
Color Theory says Orange suggests ...
Definition
suggests pleasure, excitement, cheer, endurance, strength and ambition. For business it good for highlighting information on charts and graphs.
Term
Color Theory says Pink suggests ...
Definition
suggests femininity, getleness, well-being and innocence. For business you must be aware of it's feminie links and implications.
Term
Color Theory says Purple suggests ...
Definition
suggests spirituality, royalty, luxury, wealth, sophistication, authority and mournfulness. In business it is upscale and works with artistic types. It is also feminine and romantic.
Term
Color Theory says Red suggests ...
Definition
suggests excitement, strength, sex, passion, vitality, aggressiveness and commands attention. Business wise it is associated with debt, is great for boldness and accents. The most emotionally intense colot, red stimulates a faster heartbeat and breathing. Red is often used in restaurant decorating schemes because it is an appetite stimulant.
Term
Color Theory says White suggests ...
Definition
suggests refined, purity, devotion, contemporary and truthfulness. For business it can be sterile and refreshing. Doctors and nurses wear white to imply sterility.
Term
Color Theory says Yellow suggests ...
Definition
suggests warmth, sunshine, cheer, and happiness. Business wise it appeals to the intellectual types and is a good accent. When used in combination with black, it suggests danger. Yellow enhances concentration, hence its use for legal pads. It is most difficult color for the eye to take in, so it can be overpowering if overused. It also speeds metabolism and is used frequently in food packing because it conveys a feeling of health and well being.
Term
What is a story board ?
Definition
Visual tool for planning your film. Which can include Location, brief notes regarding what's happening in the scene, camera movment, audio post (including dialog, music and effects), and visual effects.
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