Term
|
Definition
spared eye injury
immune mediated inflammation of one eye after a penetrating injury to the other
result of "uncovering" of hidden antigens |
|
|
Term
| reagin mediated eye disease? |
|
Definition
| IgE allergic conjunctivitis |
|
|
Term
| when do circulating immune complexes affect the eye |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| who gets ocular injury by non-caseating granulomas? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| primary hyperaldosteronism |
|
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Term
|
Definition
hypertension
hypernatremia
hypokalemia
metabolic alkalosis
mm weakness and decreased exercise tolerance 2/2 hypokalemia |
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|
Term
| metabolic change seen when giving hydrochlorothiazide |
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Definition
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Term
| extra-renal complications of ADPKD |
|
Definition
1. hepatic cysts
2. valvular heart disease
3. colonic diverticula
4. abdominal wall and inguinal hernia |
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|
Term
| when do you also give steroids in pts with PCP |
|
Definition
when paO2 < 70 mmHg on RA
or
A-a > 35 |
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|
Term
| what is alanine converted to in gluconeogenesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| major substrates of gluconeogenesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drugs cause drug-induced interstitial nephritis? |
|
Definition
penicillins
cephalosporins
sulfonamides |
|
|
Term
| clinical features of drug induced interstitial nephritis |
|
Definition
fever
joint pains
dark urine
rash
white cell casts, eosinophiluria, proteinuria |
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|
Term
| most common cause of osteomyelitis in adults with nail puncture wound? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| characteristic changes in chronic renal failure |
|
Definition
1. secondary hyperparathyroidism
2. hi PTH
3. hi P
4. lo Ca |
|
|
Term
| "sticking" sensation in throat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| manometric findings in scleroderma |
|
Definition
1. absence of peristaltic waves in lower two thrids of esophagus
2. decrease in the lower esophageal sphincter tone |
|
|
Term
| manometric findings in achalasia |
|
Definition
decrease or absense of peristaltic waves
increased LES tone |
|
|
Term
| glucocorticoid defieciency signs |
|
Definition
1. weakness
2. fatigue
3. loss of appetitie
4. eosinophilia |
|
|
Term
| primary vs secondary adrenal insufficiency |
|
Definition
primary: salt wasting, hyperkalemia, hyperpigmentation. weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, eosinophilia
secondary: only weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, eosinophila |
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|
Term
| most common cause of secondary adrenal insuff |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| tx for hairy cell luekemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tartrate resistant acid phosphatase stain + in hairy cell leukemia |
|
|
Term
| bone marrow findings in hairy cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| microcytic andmia and target cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| features of beta thalessmia minor |
|
Definition
asymptomatic
mild anemia
hi RBC count, low MCV |
|
|
Term
| best way to tell beta thalessmia minor from |
|
Definition
both will have microcytic anemia
beta thal will have hgb > 10
will be less in IDA |
|
|
Term
| who gets ankylosing spondylitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sx of anylosing spondylitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical features of pan hypopituitarism |
|
Definition
1. ACTH def (2ndary adrenal insufficiency)= postural hypotension, tachycardia, fatigue, wt loss, decreased libido, hypoglycemia, eosinophilia
hypothyroid (central) = fatigue, cold intol, dec appetite, constip, dry skin, brady, delayed dtr
lo gonadotropins = women (amenorrhea, infertility, hot flash) men (dec energy and libido) |
|
|
Term
| extrarenal features of ADPKD |
|
Definition
1. cerebral aneurysm
2. hepatic and pancreatic cysts
3. cardiac valve issues (MVP)
4. diverticulosis
5. hernias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| associated with ankylosing spondylitis |
|
|
Term
| major sx of ankylosing spondylitis |
|
Definition
progressive back pain
morning stiffness over 3 mo
sacroiliac tenderness |
|
|
Term
| imaging of ankylosing spondylitis |
|
Definition
| plain film will show sacroiliatits |
|
|
Term
| systemic signs of ankylosing spondylitis |
|
Definition
uveitis
(pain, blurring, photophobia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glutamic acid decarboxylase Abs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| like bromocriptine for microprolactinoma |
|
|
Term
| pathogenesis in paraoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria? |
|
Definition
cell membrane molecule GP1 should anchor CD55 and CD59 which prevent complement destruction of RBCs
pts with PNH have broken GP1 --> increased hemolysis |
|
|
Term
| lab values to indicate intravascular hemolysis |
|
Definition
hi LDH
hi bilirubin (unconjugated)
low haptoglobin
low hgb |
|
|
Term
| big give-away feature of PNH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| major difference between lupus arthritis and RA |
|
Definition
| lupus arthritis is non-deforming |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. cough
2. erythema nodosum
3. hyperclacemia
4. hi ACE |
|
|
Term
| histo features of follicular thyroid cancers |
|
Definition
| invasion of capsule and blood vessels |
|
|
Term
| which thyroid cancer is most likely to have ln involvement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which thyroid cancer has calcitonin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which thyroid cancer hars hurthle cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common thyroid malignancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dyspnea and elevated proBNP |
|
Definition
| dsypnea 2/2 congestive heart failure |
|
|
Term
| compare contrast viral URI vs flu vs strep thoat in onset of symptoms |
|
Definition
1. viral URI = slow, step wise, migratory
2. flu = abrupt and dramatic
3. strep = variable |
|
|
Term
| compare contrast viral URI vs flu vs strep thoat in regards to upper respiratory symptoms |
|
Definition
1. vURI = rhinorrhea, coryza, sneeze, mild phayngitis
2. flu = mild
3. strep = mostly pharyngeal sx |
|
|
Term
| compare contrast viral URI vs flu vs strep thoat in regards to systemic symptoms |
|
Definition
1. vURI = mild
2. flu = v hi fever, myalgia, HA
3. strep = variable, maybe fever and myalgia |
|
|
Term
| compare contrast viral URI vs flu vs strep thoat in regards to PE findings |
|
Definition
1. vURI = nasal edema, normal or slightly erythematous pharynx
2. flu = unremarkable
3. pharyngeal erythema, tonsillar hypertrophy, exudates, tener cervical lns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proportion of people with positive test results that actually have disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
start with fluid restriction
if they have symptoms of the hyponatremia give hypertonic saline
if super severe give demoecloclycline |
|
|
Term
| which type of thyroid cancer is seen in MEN syndromes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who gets thyroid lymphomas |
|
Definition
| pts wih hashimotos thyroiditis |
|
|
Term
| what RA med causes oral ulcers and weird LFTs, and myelosuppression |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does methotrexate work? |
|
Definition
| it is an antimetabolite agent |
|
|
Term
| what drug type in infliximab? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the other anti-cytokine agents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ade of anti-cytokin agents |
|
Definition
predisposition to infection
cytopenia
lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| what acid base abnormality seen status post seizure |
|
Definition
anion gap metabolic acidosis
(lactic acidosis) |
|
|
Term
| tx for anion gap metabolic acidosis post seizure |
|
Definition
watch
should resolve once seizure is over (60-90) minutes |
|
|
Term
| presentation of MASSIVE pulmonary embolism |
|
Definition
| JVD, new onset RBBB, bradycardia, death |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of death in patients with acute MI |
|
Definition
| reentry ventricular arrythmia (v fib) |
|
|
Term
| side effects of loop diuretic administration after chf exacerbation |
|
Definition
hypokalemia
metabolic alkalosis
prerenal renal failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inflammation and pain at the site of tendon/ligament attachment to bone
seen in anklyising spondylitits |
|
|
Term
| most common sites of enthesitis |
|
Definition
hells
tibial tuberosity
iliac crest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first gen antihistmine with antihistamine decongestatnt |
|
|
Term
| what is the functino of the hepatojugular reflex |
|
Definition
| differentiates between cardiac and liver causes of LE edema. +hepatojugular reflux only seen in heart causes |
|
|
Term
| major features of non inflammatory chronic prostatitis |
|
Definition
1. afebrile
2. irritative voiding sx
3. negative culture of prostate secretions
4. normal leukocytes in prostate secretions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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