Term
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Definition
| keeping constant conditions in the tissue fluid around the cells in a living organism. |
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Term
| Some of the organs involved with homeostasis are... |
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Definition
| the heart (supplies the constant pressure needed to deliver blood to the tissues, and to form the tissue fluid), the skin (the main organ for control of heat exchange), kidneys (regulate levels of water and salt{osmoregulation} and remove urea and other wastes{excretion}), the lungs (regulate exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen), the intestines (supply soluble foods and water) and the liver (regulates the levels of many solutes in the blood, and removes poisons). |
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Term
| How is homeostasis brought about? |
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Definition
| The coordinated work of the heart, skin, kidneys, lungs, intestines, liver and cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| a change that sets off a response that cancels out that change. |
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Term
| What part in the structure of the skin is made to insulate against heat loss? |
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Definition
| Subcutaneous fat, which is only involved in long-term (seasonal) temperature control. |
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Term
| Name the muscle that causes hair to stand up on end (to become erect). |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the epidermis? |
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Definition
| To protect against water loss and entry of disease-causing organisms. |
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Term
| The skin increases heat loss by... |
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Definition
| evaporation (sweating), radiation (vasodilation of surface capillaries) and convection (relaxation of hair erector muscles so hair lies flat) |
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Term
| The skin reduces heat loss by... |
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Definition
| convection (contraction of hair erector muscles raises hairs and traps a layer of still air), radiation (vasoconstriction of surface capillaries shunts blood away from skin) and evaporation (sweat glands do not release sweat) |
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Term
| True or False: Heat is lost when urine and faeces are expelled from the body. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Heat is not lost when water evaporates from the lungs and from the skin. |
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Definition
| False; heat is lost when we sweat! |
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Term
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Definition
| animals who maintain their own body temperature internally. |
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Term
| True or False: the blood gets more liquidy and less viscous as the temperature falls. |
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Definition
| False; the blood becomes more viscous (thicker) as the temperature falls. |
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Term
| Where is the hypothalamus located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the urethra? |
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Definition
| carry urine from the bladder to the outside. |
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Term
| What is the name give to the muscle that controls the flow of urine from the bladder to the urethra? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is a nephron located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a nephron's function? |
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Definition
| To regulate the concentration of water by filtering the blood. It takes the minerals needed and excretes the rest as urine. |
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Term
| True or False: There are only a few nephrons in the kidneys. |
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Definition
| False; there are hundreds of thousands. |
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Term
| True or False: the kidneys receive blood from the renal vein. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the vital control of water balance. |
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Term
| Give two ways kidney failure is treated. |
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Definition
1. Dialysis using a kidney machine.
2. Kidney transplant. |
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