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Definition
| A diet in which all food types are eaten in the correct amounts for you specifically. |
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Term
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Definition
| A deficiency disease found in children. Caused by too little protein in the diet. Muscles are very weak, and there is a swollen abdomen due to water from blood plasma remaining in body tissues, and a swollen liver as it is working hard to help make amino acids the body is not consuming. |
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Term
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Definition
| A deficiency disease found in children. Caused by an inadequate supply of all nutrients. |
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Definition
| Often include Nitrogen, Phosphate and Potassium. Encourages plant growth more than normal. |
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Definition
| Once applied, kills or stops Pests, or kills weeds. |
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Term
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Definition
| Taking in substances (e.g. foods/drinks) in through the mouth. |
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Definition
| The excretion of un-digested food through the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
| First organ in the alimentary canal in which you insert the substance that you want to consume. |
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Term
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Definition
| Glands in your mouth in the alimentary canal that secrete saliva. |
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Definition
| The pipe in the alimentary canal which pushes the bolus of food from our mouths to our stomachs through the action of peristalsis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of the alimentary canal which is a muscular bag which stores food and mixes it with acidic digestive juices untill it becomes a creamy liquid called chyme. |
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Term
| Small intestine: duodenum, ileum |
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Definition
Two parts of the alimentary canal.
Duodenum: First part of the small intestine. Here chyme is mixed with pancreatic juices and bile.
Ileum:
Longest part of the small intestine where digested food is absorbed into the blood and the lymphatic system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of the alimentary canal that produces pancreatic juice which neutralise acidic chyme. |
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Term
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Definition
| This part of the alimentary canal produces bile. This helps to neutralise chyme, and emulsify fats. Important in assimilation. |
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Term
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Definition
| This part of the alimentary canal stores bile before it is poured into the duodenm through the bile duct. |
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Term
| Large intestine: Colon, rectum |
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Definition
Two parts of the alimentary canal.
Colon:
Part of the large intestine which absorbes water and some vitamins and minerals.
Rectum:
Part of the large intestine that stores faeces before they are excreted. |
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Term
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Definition
| Last part of the alimentary canal where faeces are excreted. |
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Term
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Definition
| A specialised tube running from the front of the animal (mouth)to the rear of the animal (anus). Food molecules travel through this, and are digested into smaller molecules until they can pass through the gut wall, and into the blood stream. |
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Term
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Definition
| The break-down of large, insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble molecules using mechanical and chemical processes. |
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Term
| Mechanical/phisical digestion |
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Definition
| digestion that happens in the mouth due to the teeth breaking the food up into smaller pieces. |
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Term
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Definition
| Digestion that occurs when chemicals and enzymes are mixed with the food to break up the molecules into much smaller ones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located at the front of the set of teeth. Used for cutting and biting. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located just behind the incisors. Used for holding and cutting. |
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Definition
| Located Infront of the Molars. Used for Chewing and crushing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located at the back of the mouth. Used for chewing and crushing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hardest tissue in the body. Covers the tooth. Un-renewble |
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Term
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Definition
| Harder than bone, forms most of the tooth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Usually covers the junction between enamel and cement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Similar to dentine, but anchors the tooth to the jaw. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contains tooth producing cells, blood vessels and nerve endings. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bundles of collagen fibres that anchor the cement covering of the tooth to the jawbone. Has many nerve endings and detects pressure during chewing and biting. |
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Term
| How does dental decay or dental caries start? |
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Definition
| Bacteria in your mouth produce a sticky matrix which traps food paricles and forms a layer of plaque on the teeth. The bacteria then converts the sugars in the plaque to acids. The acids then break down the enamel and reach the dentine. |
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Term
| How can a dental decay/cary be prevented? |
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Definition
It can be prevented by:
Eating food whith low sugar content.
Regular brushing of the teeth (twice a day)
If brushing is inconvenient, then finish with a crisp vegetable or fruit and then rinsing your mouth with water. |
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Term
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Definition
| The contraction of muscles in a rythmic wave that pushes something down a tube in the alimentary canal. |
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Term
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Definition
Found in saliva and secreted in the mouth from salivary glands. Digests Carbohydrates.
Substrate: Starch
Products: Maltose |
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Term
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Definition
Found in the stomach, and digests protein.
Substrate: Protein
Product: Peptides |
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Term
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Definition
Secreted in the duodenum and digests fats.
Substrate: Emulsified fats
Products: Fatty acids and glycerol. |
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Term
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Definition
| The movement of digested food molecules through the wall of the intestine into the blood or lymph. |
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Term
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Definition
| The movement of digested food molicules into the cells of the body where they are used, becoming part of the cells. |
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