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Ig BYU
Immunoglobulins
25
Microbiology
Undergraduate 2
03/12/2011

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
IgA
Definition
The major immunoglobulin in secretions; usually found as a dimer.
Term
IgG
Definition
The most common class of antibody in the blood; can cross the placenta.
Term
IgM
Definition
First antibody produced to a new antigen; usually found as a pentamer.
Term
IgD
Definition
The only class which is not secreted; found only on the surface of B cells.
Term
IgE
Definition
Binds avidly to mast cells and basophils; involved in allergies.
Term
Streptococcus pyogenes
Definition
The cause of pharyngitis, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, and necrotizing fasciitis; Lancfield Group A.
Term
Staphlococcus epidermidis
Definition
The most common organism on the skins's surface; an opportunistic pathogen that causes disease in immuno-compromised patients or when introduced into sterile body sites.
Term
Streptococcus agalactiae
Definition
Causes neonatal bacteremia, meningitis, and pneumonia
Term
Streptoccous pneumoniae
Definition
Causes otitis media, pneumonia (85% of all cases), and meningitis; large polysaccharide capsule is the main virulence factor; produces an IgA protease.
Term
Enterococcus species
Definition
Lancefield Group D; can grow in harsh conditions(45 C, pH of 9.6, 6.5%NaCl); resistant ot many commonly used antibiotics; cause, bacteremias, endocarditis, and UTI's
Term
Viridans streptococci
Definition
Produce the matrix of denatl plaque and cause dental caries; Lack group-specific carbohydrates and not Lancefiled typeable.
Term
Staphylococcus aureus
Definition
Causes boils, carbuncles, scalded skin syndrome, and toxic shock syndrome.
Term
Staphylococcus aureus
Definition
Produces protein A, a substance that thwarts phagocytosis by binding the Fc region of IgG. Also produces coagulase
Term
Staphylococcus aureus
Definition
MRSA refers to this organism
Term
Streptococcus pyogenes
Definition
produces the protein M, a substance that inteferes with opsonization and lysis by destabilizing complement
Term
Clostridium tetani
Definition
An anaerobe that produces a potent toxin that causes lockjaw or spasitc paralysis(muscles stay contracted)
Term
Mycoplasma
Definition
Lack cytochromes, enzymes of the Krebs cycle, and cell walls; have sterols in their cytoplasmic membranes; are pleomorphic and are the smallest free-living microbes; cause primary atypical pneumonia and non-gonococcal urethritis.
Term
Corynebacterium
Definition
Divide by snapping division to produce palisade arrangements; causes the disease diphtheria marked by a pseudomembrane in the throat; humans are the only know host for this organism.
Term
Mycobacteruim leprea
Definition
The agent of Hansen's disease; can occur in two forms: tuberculoid and lepromatous; nerve destruction is prominent. The organism cannot be grown in cell-free media, but can be grown in armadillos, which may serve as a disease reservoir.
Term
Bacillus anthracis
Definition
Associated with a black eschar lesion. Can cause disease in the skin, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract.
Term
Clostridium perfringens
Definition
An anaerobe that can cause mild food poisoing or life-threateining gas gangrene
Term
Clostridium difficile
Definition
An anaerobe that produces toxins causing a life-threatening pseudomembranous colitis, often following broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment; frequently found and transmitted in hospitals.
Term
Mycobaterium tuberculosis
Definition
An acid-fast bacterium associated with caseous necrosis and Ghon complexes; over one-third of the worlds population is infected with this organism; disease was once called consumption.
Term
Clostridium botulinum
Definition
An anaerobe that produces the most potent poison known; causes flaccid paralysis (muscles cannot contract)
Term
Listeria monocytogenes
Definition
Avoids the immune system by escaping the phagosome and living in the cytosol; produces no toxins; can cause meningitis. Pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns are more susceptible to disease.
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