Term
aquatic /əˈkwæt.ɪk/ /-ˈkwæt ̬-/ adjective
|
|
Definition
living or growing in, happening in, or connected with water
aquatic plants
aquatic sports
aquatically /əˈkwæt.ɪ.kli/ /-ˈkwæt ̬-/ adverb |
|
|
Term
erode /ɪˈrəʊd/ /-ˈroʊd/ verb [ I or T ]
|
|
Definition
1. to rub or be rubbed away gradually
Wind and rain have eroded the statues into shapeless lumps of stone.
The cliffs are eroding several feet a year.
2. to slowly reduce or destroy
His behaviour over the last few months has eroded my confidence in his judgment.
erosion /ɪˈrəʊ.ʒ ə n/ /-ˈroʊ-/ noun [ U ]
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
CUT DOWN
2. [ T ] to cut down a tree
A great number of trees were felled to provide space for grazing.
3. [ T ] to knock someone down, especially in sports
The boxer was felled by a punch to the head.
|
|
|
Term
habitat /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/ noun [ C or U ]
|
|
Definition
the natural environment in which an animal or plant usually lives
With so many areas of woodland being cut down, a lot of wildlife is losing its natural habitat.
|
|
|
Term
inhibit /ɪnˈhɪb.ɪt/ verb [ T ]
|
|
Definition
to prevent someone from doing something, or to slow down a process or the growth of something
Some workers were inhibited ( from speaking) by the presence of their managers.
This drug inhibits the growth of tumours.
|
|
|
Term
intercept /ˌɪn.təˈsept/ /-tɚ-/ verb [ T ]
|
|
Definition
to stop and catch something or someone before they are able to reach a particular place
Law enforcement agents intercepted a shipment of drugs from Latin America.
Batistuta intercepted Neville's pass and scored the third goal.
interception /ˌɪn.təˈsep.ʃ ə n/ /-t ̬ɚ-/ noun [ C or U ]
the interception of enemy messages
a pass interception
|
|
|
Term
| log /lɒg/ /lɑːg/ verb -gg- |
|
Definition
CUT WOOD
1. [ I or T ] to cut down trees so that you can use their wood
The forest has been so heavily logged that it is in danger of disappearing.
|
|
|
Term
myriad /ˈmɪr.i.əd/ noun [ C ] literary
|
|
Definition
a very large number of something
a myriad of choices
And now myriads of bars and hotels are opening up along the coast.
myriad adjective
They offered no solution for all our myriad problems.
|
|
|
Term
nutrient /ˈnjuː.tri. ə nt/ /ˈnuː-/ noun [ C ] specialized
|
|
Definition
any substance which plants or animals need in order to live and grow
It's good soil - full of nutrients.
A healthy diet should provide all your essential nutrients.
|
|
|
Term
terrestrial /təˈres.tri.əl/ adjective
|
|
Definition
EARTH
1. formal relating to the planet Earth
ANIMALS
2. specialized (of animals) living on the land rather than in the sea or air
TELEVISION
3. formal describes television channels which are broadcast from stations on the ground and do not use satellites
|
|
|
Term
vanish /ˈvæn.ɪʃ/ verb [ I ]
|
|
Definition
to disappear or stop being present or existing, especially in a sudden, surprising way
The child vanished while on her way home from school.
We rushed out of the shop in hot pursuit, but the thief had vanished into thin air (= had completely disappeared) .
Cheap rural housing is vanishing in the south of the country.
|
|
|
Term
breed /briːd/ verb bred , bred
|
|
Definition
REPRODUCE 1. [ T ] to keep animals for the purpose of producing young animals in a controlled way
Terriers are bred for their fighting instincts.
His main income comes from breeding cattle.
See also inbred ; purebred ; thoroughbred ; well-bred
2. [ I ] (of animals) to have sex and reproduce
The blackbird, like most birds, breeds in the spring.
breed /briːd/ verb bred , bred CAUSE
3. [ T ] to cause something to happen, usually something bad
Favouritism breeds resentment
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. a particular type of animal or plant
a breed of dog/cat/horse/sheep/cattle
What's your favourite breed of dog/dog breed?
2. informal a type of person
Arletty was that rare breed of actress - beautiful, sexy and funny.
A new breed of film-maker has taken over Hollywood.
Authentic blues singers are a dying breed (= becoming rare) these days.
|
|
|
Term
diurnal /ˌdaɪˈɜː.nəl/ /-ˈɝː-/ adjective specialized
|
|
Definition
happening over a period of a day, or being active or happening during the day rather than at night
diurnally /ˌdaɪˈɜː.nə.li/ /-ˈɝː-/ adverb |
|
|
Term
nocturnal /nɒkˈtɜː.nəl/ /nɑːkˈtɝː-/ adjective formal
|
|
Definition
happening in or active during the night, or relating to the night
nocturnal wanderings
nocturnal light
Most bats are nocturnal.
Compare diurnal
nocturnally /nɒkˈtɜː.nə.li/ /nɑːkˈtɝː-/ adverb |
|
|
Term
endure /ɪnˈdjʊə r / /-ˈdʊr/ verb
|
|
Definition
EXPERIENCE
1. [ T ] to suffer something difficult, unpleasant or painful
We had to endure a nine-hour delay at the airport.
She's already had to endure three painful operations on her leg.
endure /ɪnˈdjʊə r / /-ˈdʊr/ verb CONTINUE
2. [ I ] formal to continue to exist for a long time
The political system established in 1400 endured until about 1650.
endurable /ɪnˈdjʊə.rə.bl ̩/ /-ˈdʊr.ə-/ adjective |
|
|
Term
fascinate /ˈfæs.ɪ.neɪt/ verb [ T ]
|
|
Definition
to interest someone a lot
Science has always fascinated me.
Anything to do with aeroplanes and flying fascinates him.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
something difficult needing a lot of skill, strength, bravery, etc. to achieve it
The Eiffel Tower is a remarkable feat of engineering.
She's performed remarkable feats of organization for the office.
be no mean feat informal
to be a great achievement
Getting the job finished in under a week was no mean feat.
|
|
|
Term
fuel /fjʊəl/ verb [ T ] -ll- or US USUALLY -l-
|
|
Definition
1. to supply a system with a substance which can be burnt to provide heat or power
Our heating system is fuelled by gas.
We have a gas-fuelled heating system.
petrol/hydrogen-fuelled cars
2. Something that fuels a feeling or a type of behaviour increases or strengthens it
The rapid promotion of the director's son has itself fuelled resentment within the company.
The prime minister's speech fuelled speculation that she is about to resign.
|
|
|
Term
hemisphere /ˈhem.ɪ.sfɪə r / /-sfɪr/ noun [ C ]
|
|
Definition
half of a sphere , especially the Earth
the northern hemisphere
|
|
|
Term
imperative /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/ /-t ̬ɪv/ adjective
|
|
Definition
URGENT 1. extremely important or urgent; needing to be done or given attention immediately
[ + that ] The president said it was imperative that the release of all hostages be secured.
[ + to infinitive ] It's imperative to act now before the problem gets really serious.
GRAMMAR
2. specialized used to describe the form of a verb which is usually used for giving orders
In the phrase 'Leave him alone!', the verb 'leave' is in the imperative form.
|
|
|
Term
imperative /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/ /-t ̬ɪv/ noun
|
|
Definition
GRAMMAR
1. [ S ] specialized the form of a verb which is usually used for giving orders
In the phrase 'Leave him alone!', the verb 'leave' is an imperative/is in the imperative.
imperative /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/ /-t ̬ɪv/ noun URGENT
2. [ C ] something which is extremely important or urgent
Getting the unemployed back to work, said the minister, is a moral imperative.
|
|
|
Term
inhabit /ɪnˈhæb.ɪt/ verb [ T often passive ]
|
|
Definition
to live in a place
These remote islands are inhabited only by birds.
|
|
|
Term
nocturnal /nɒkˈtɜː.nəl/ /nɑːkˈtɝː-/ adjective formal
|
|
Definition
happening in or active during the night, or relating to the night
nocturnal wanderings
nocturnal light
Most bats are nocturnal.
Compare diurnal
nocturnally /nɒkˈtɜː.nə.li/ /nɑːkˈtɝː-/ adverb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. to travel along a route that was not originally intended, or to move outside a limited area
A herd of cattle had strayed into the road.
They got lost when they strayed too far from the footpath.
The ship strayed off course during the storm.
2. to start thinking or talking about a different subject from the one you should be giving attention to
I think we've strayed too far from our original plan.
Sorry - I've strayed from the subject .
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a pet that no longer has a home or cannot find its home
a stray dog
"Who owns that cat?" "I don't know. I think it must be a stray."
stray /streɪ/ adjective [ before noun ]
Stray things have moved apart from similar things and are not in their expected or intended place
There are still a few stray spots of paint on the window pane.
Several journalists have been killed or injured by stray bullets while reporting on the civil war.
|
|
|
Term
windswept /ˈwɪn d .swept/ adjective
|
|
Definition
(of places) open to and not protected from strong winds, or (of people) having hair that is untidy because it has been blown in different directions by the wind
We drove down to the windswept Atlantic coast of Portugal.
windswept hair
|
|
|
Term
accumulate /əˈkjuː.mjʊ.leɪt/ verb
|
|
Definition
1. [ T ] to collect a large number of things over a long period of time
As people accumulate more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes.
The company said the debt was accumulated during its acquisition of nine individual businesses.
We've accumulated so much rubbish over the years.
2. [ I ] to gradually increase in number or amount
A thick layer of dust had accumulated in the room.
If you don't sort out the papers on your desk on a regular basis they just keep on accumulating.
|
|
|
Term
dilute /daɪˈluːt/ verb [ T ]
|
|
Definition
1. to make a liquid weaker by mixing in something else
Dilute the juice ( with water) before you drink it.
2. to reduce the strength of a feeling, action, etc.
These measures are designed to dilute public fears about the product's safety.
dilution /daɪˈluː.ʃ ə n/ noun [ C or U ]
The drug's effectiveness is increased by dilution.
a dilution of standards
dilute /daɪˈluːt/ adjective ( US usually diluted )
made weaker by diluting
dilute hydrochloric acid
|
|
|
Term
evaporate /ɪˈvæp. ə r.eɪt/ /-ɚ-/ verb BECOME GAS
|
|
Definition
1. [ I or T ] to cause a liquid to change to a gas, especially by heating
The high concentration of sugars forms a syrup when the sap evaporates.
Plants keep cool during the summer by evaporating water from their leaves.
evaporate /ɪˈvæp. ə r.eɪt/ /-ɚ-/ verb DISAPPEAR
2. [ I ] to disappear
Halfway through the film reality evaporates and we enter a world of pure fantasy.
evaporation /ɪˌvæp.əˈreɪ.ʃ ə n/ noun [ U ] |
|
|
Term
| fringe /frɪn d ʒ/ noun [ C ] |
|
Definition
EDGE
1. the outer or less important part of an area, group or activity
the southern fringe of the city
the radical fringes of the party
|
|
|
Term
resilient /rɪˈzɪl.i.ənt/ adjective
|
|
Definition
able to quickly return to a previous good condition
This rubber ball is very resilient and immediately springs back into shape.
She's a resilient girl - she won't be unhappy for long.
resilience /rɪˈzɪl.i.ən t s/ noun [ U ] ( formal resiliency ) |
|
|
Term
sparse /spɑːs/ /spɑːrs/ adjective
|
|
Definition
small in numbers or amount, often scattered over a large area
a sparse population/audience
sparse vegetation/woodland
a sparse beard
Information coming out of the disaster area is sparse.
sparsely /ˈspɑː.sli/ /ˈspɑːr-/ adverb
sparsely furnished/populated
sparseness /ˈspɑː.snəs/ /ˈspɑːr-/ noun [ U ] ( also sparsity ) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
something that causes great difficulties
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
SIDEWAYS MOVEMENT
1. [ C ] a swinging movement
2. [ C ] an attempt to hit someone
The drunk took a wild swing at Harry.
3. [ C ] a change
He experiences severe mood swings (= sudden changes from one extreme mood to another) .
The Democrats only need a 5% swing (= need 5% of voters to change to supporting them) to win this election.
|
|
|
Term
thrive /θraɪv/ verb [ I ] thrived or US ALSO throve , thrived or US ALSO thriven
|
|
Definition
to grow, develop or be successful
His business thrived in the years before the war.
She seems to thrive on stress.
thriving /ˈθraɪ.vɪŋ/ adjective
|
|
|
Term
transitional /trænˈzɪʃ. ə n.əl/ adjective
|
|
Definition
belonging or relating to a change, or the process of change, from one form or type to another
a transitional government
Eastern Slovenia is to revert to Croatian government rule next year after a transitional period under UN administration.
|
|
|
Term
violent /ˈvaɪə.l ə nt/ adjective
|
|
Definition
CAUSING HURT 1. using force to hurt or attack
He shouts a lot but I don't think he's ever been physically violent towards her.
2. describes a situation or event in which people are hurt or killed
a violent crime
There was a violent clash/confrontation between rival supporters after the match.
The more violent scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television.
Her family are still trying to come to terms with her violent death (= death caused suddenly and unexpectedly by the use of physical force, especially murder) .
|
|
|
Term
violent /ˈvaɪə.l ə nt/ adjective
|
|
Definition
STRONG
3. sudden and powerful
He has a violent temper.
violent thunderstorms
The speaker launched into a violent attack (= spoke forcefully against) the government's policies.
4. [ before noun ] describes a colour which is extremely or unpleasantly bright
She was wearing a violent pink sweater and orange trousers.
|
|
|
Term
anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ verb [ T ]
|
|
Definition
to imagine or expect that something will happen, sometimes taking action in preparation for it happening
We don't anticipate any trouble.
We had one or two difficulties along the way that we didn't anticipate.
Are you anticipating a lot of people at the party tonight?
[ + -ing verb ] They anticipate hav ing several applicants for the job.
[ + that ] They anticipate that they will have several applicants for the job
It's always best to anticipate a problem before it arises.
[ + question word ] At this stage we can't really anticipate wh at will happen.
The anticipated inflation figure is lower than last month's.
The army anticipated (= took action in preparation for) the explosion by evacuating the town.
|
|
|
Term
athlete /ˈæθ.liːt/ noun [ C ]
|
|
Definition
a person who is very good at sports or physical exercise, especially one who competes in organized events
He became a professional athlete at the age of 16.
She has the build of an athlete.
|
|
|
Term
blur /blɜː r / /blɝː/ noun [ S ]
|
|
Definition
1. something that you cannot see clearly
If I don't wear my glasses, everything is just a blur.
2. something that you cannot remember or understand clearly
It all happened so long ago that it's just a blur to me now.
The last few days seem to have gone by in a blur.
|
|
|
Term
blur /blɜː r / /blɝː/ verb [ I or T ] -rr-
|
|
Definition
1. to (make something or someone) become difficult to see clearly
As she drifted into sleep, the doctor's face began to blur and fade.
2. to make the difference between two things less clear, or to make it difficult to see the exact truth about something
This film blurs the line/distinction/boundary between reality and fantasy.
|
|
|
Term
boundary /ˈbaʊn.d ə r.i/ , /-dri/ /-dɚ-/ noun [ C ]
|
|
Definition
1. a real or imagined line that marks the edge or limit of something
The Ural mountains mark the boundary between Europe and Asia.
Residents are opposed to the prison being built within the city boundary.
2. the limit of a subject or principle
Electronic publishing is blurring the boundaries between dictionaries and encyclopedias.
|
|
|
Term
complicate /ˈkɒm.plɪ.keɪt/ /ˈkɑːm-/ verb [ T ]
|
|
Definition
1. to make something more difficult to deal with, do or understand
It will only complicate the situation if we invite his old girlfriend as well.
The rescue operation has been complicated by bad weather.
These new rules have complicated the tax system even further.
2. If one illness complicates another illness, it makes the other illness worse
The breathing problem has now been complicated by a chest infection.
|
|
|
Term
coordinate /kəʊˈɔː.dɪ.neɪt/ /koʊˈɔːr-/ verb
|
|
Definition
COMBINE 1. ( UK also co-ordinate ) [ T ] to make various different things work effectively as a whole
We need someone to coordinate the whole campaign.
A number of charities are coordinating their efforts to distribute food to the region.
MATCH 2. [ I ] to match; to look attractive together
The bed linen coordinates with the bedroom curtains.
a coordinating jacket and skirt
|
|
|
Term
coordinate /kəʊˈɔː.dɪ.nət/ /koʊˈɔːr-/ noun
|
|
Definition
POINT 1. [ C usually plural ] one of a pair of numbers and/or letters that show the exact position of a point on a map or graph
MATCHING
2. coordinates
clothes, especially for women, which are made in matching colours or styles so that they can be worn together
|
|
|
Term
demonstrate /ˈdem.ən.streɪt/ verb
|
|
Definition
SHOW 1. [ T ] to show; to make clear
These figures clearly demonstrate the size of the economic problem facing the country. [ + that ] Research has demonstrated that babies can recognize their mother's voice very soon after birth.
These problems demonstrate the importance of strategic planning.
2. [ T ] to show something and explain how it works
He's got a job demonstrating kitchen equipment in a department store.
[ + question word ] The teacher demonstrated how to use the equipment.
EXPRESS 3. [ T ] to express or show that you have a particular feeling, quality or ability He has demonstrated a genuine interest in the project.
His answer demonstrated a complete lack of understanding of the question.
MARCH 4. [ I ] to make a public expression that you are not satisfied about something, especially by marching or having a meeting
Thousands of people gathered to demonstrate against the new proposals.
|
|
|
Term
detect /dɪˈtekt/ verb [ T ]
|
|
Definition
1. to notice something that is partly hidden or not clear, or to discover something, especially using a special method
Some sounds cannot be detected by the human ear.
Financial experts have detected signs that the economy is beginning to improve.
2. to discover something, usually using special equipment
High levels of lead were detected in the atmosphere.
Radar equipment is used to detect (= find the position of) enemy aircraft.
detectable /dɪˈtek.tə.bl ̩/ adjective
There has been no detectable change in the patient's condition.
|
|
|
Term
distract /dɪˈstrækt/ verb [ T ]
|
|
Definition
to make someone stop giving their attention to something
Don't distract her ( from her studies).
He tried to distract attention from his own illegal activities.
distracting /dɪˈstræk.tɪŋ/ adjective
Please turn your music down - it's very distracting.
|
|
|
Term
indiscernible /ˌɪn.dɪˈsɜː.nɪ.bl ̩/ /-ˈsɝː-/ adjective
|
|
Definition
impossible to see, see clearly, or understand
an indiscernible change/shape/reason
|
|
|
Term
indistinct /ˌɪn.dɪˈstɪŋ k t/ adjective
|
|
Definition
not clear
an indistinct shape/sound/recollection
Compare distinct
indistinctly /ˌɪn.dɪˈstɪŋ k t.li/ adverb |
|
|
Term
manoeuvre UK , US maneuver /məˈnuː.və r / /-vɚ/ noun
|
|
Definition
MOVEMENT
1. [ C ] a movement or set of movements needing skill and care
Reversing round a corner is one of the manoeuvres you are required to perform in a driving test.
|
|
|
Term
| performance /pəˈfɔː.mən t s/ /pɚˈfɔːr-/ noun |
|
Definition
DO
1. [ C or U ] how well a person, machine, etc. does a piece of work or an activity
Some athletes take drugs to improve their performance.
High- performance (= Fast, powerful and easy to control) cars are the most expensive.
This was a very impressive performance by the young player, who scored 12 points within the first 10 minutes.
|
|
|
Term
peripheral /pəˈrɪf. ə r. ə l/ /-ˈrɪf.ɚ-/ adjective
|
|
Definition
1. describes something that is not as important as something else
The book contains a great deal of peripheral detail.
2. happening at the edge of something
A figure came into my peripheral vision.
peripheral /pəˈrɪf. ə r. ə l/ /-ˈrɪf.ɚ-/ noun [ C ] specialized
a piece of equipment, such as a printer, that can be connected to a computer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
LAND
10. [ C ] US land for animals to feed on
The cowboys were herding the cattle on the range.
|
|
|
Term
| tolerate /ˈtɒl. ə r.eɪt/ /ˈtɑː.lə.reɪt/ verb [ T ] |
|
Definition
ACCEPT
1. to accept behaviour and beliefs which are different from your own, although you might not agree with or approve of them
I will not tolerate that sort of behaviour in my class.
[ + -ing verb ] I won't tolerate ly ing .
|
|
|
Term
unconscious /ʌnˈkɒn. t ʃəs/ /-ˈkɑːn-/ adjective
|
|
Definition
1. in the state of not being awake, especially as the result of a head injury
She was hit on the head by a stone and knocked unconscious.
2. An unconscious thought or feeling is one that you do not know you have
my unconscious desire to impress him
unconsciously /ʌnˈkɒn. t ʃə.sli/ /-ˈkɑːn-/ adverb
unconsciousness /ʌnˈkɒn. t ʃə.snəs/ /-ˈkɑːn-/ noun [ U ]
unconscious /ʌnˈkɒn. t ʃəs/ /-ˈkɑːn-/ noun
the unconscious
the part of your mind that contains feelings and thoughts that you do not know about, and that influences the way you behave |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ABILITY
4. [ U ] the ability to see
She has very little vision in her left eye.
|
|
|
Term
ancient /ˈeɪn. t ʃ ə nt/ adjective
|
|
Definition
1. of or from a long time ago, having lasted for a very long time ancient civilizations/rights/laws
ancient monuments/ruins/woodlands
the ancient kingdoms of Mexico
People have lived in this valley since ancient times .
History, ancient and modern , has taught these people an intense distrust of their neighbours.
2. informal very old
He's got an ancient computer.
3. describes the period in European history from the earliest known societies to the end of the Roman Empire
the ancient Egyptians/Greeks/Romans
The ancient Britons inhabited these parts of England before the Roman invasion.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GROUP
5. [ C ] a group of people who share the same interests or beliefs, or who have joined together for a special purpose
The former president still has a small band of supporters.
|
|
|
Term
century /ˈsen. t ʃ ə r.i/ /-t ʃ ɚ-/ noun [ C ]
|
|
Definition
1. a period of 100 years
The city centre has scarcely changed in over a century.
This sculpture must be centuries old.
Her medical career spanned half a century.
Compare millennium
2. a period of 100 years counted from what is believed to be the year of the birth of Jesus Christ
Rome was founded in the eighth century BC (= before Christ) .
He's an expert on fifteenth century Italian art.
3. a score of 100 runs in cricket
4. the turn of the century
the time when one century ends and another begins
Queen Victoria died at the turn of the century.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GROW 1. [ I or T ] to (cause something to) grow or change into a more advanced, larger or stronger form
It became clear that he wasn't developing like all the other little boys.The fear is that these minor clashes may develop into all-out confrontation.Over time, their acquaintance developed into a lasting friendship.This exercise is designed to develop the shoulder and back muscles.I'm looking for a job which will enable me to develop my skills/talents. develop /dɪˈvel.əp/ verb START 2. [ T ] to invent something or bring something into existence We must develop a new policy/strategy to deal with the problem.
The company is spending $650 million on developing new products/technology.
3. [ I ] to start to happen or exist Large cracks began to develop in the wall.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
4. [ I or T ] If you develop an illness or problem, or if it develops, you start to suffer from it
The study showed that one in twelve women is likely to develop breast cancer.
She's developed some very strange habits lately.
5. [ T ] to build houses, factories, shops, etc. on a piece of land
They're planning to develop the whole site into a shopping complex.
develop /dɪˈvel.əp/ verb PROCESS FILM
6. [ I or T ] to make photographs or negatives from a film
I haven't had my holiday photos developed yet.
|
|
|
Term
entertainment /en.təˈteɪn.mənt/ /-t ̬ɚ-/ noun [ C or U ]
|
|
Definition
shows, films, television, or other performances or activities that entertain people, or a performance of this type
There's not much in the way of entertainment in this town - just the cinema and a couple of pubs.
formal This season's entertainments include five new plays and several concerts of Chinese and Indian music.
|
|
|
Term
exhibit /ɪgˈzɪb.ɪt/ verb [ I or T ]
|
|
Definition
to show something publicly
He frequently exhibits at the art gallery.
In the summer the academy will exhibit several prints which are rarely seen.
He exhibited great self-control considering her rudeness.
exhibit /ɪgˈzɪb.ɪt/ noun [ C ]
1. an object such as a painting that is shown to the public
The museum has a fascinating collection of exhibits ranging from Iron Age pottery to Inuit clothing.
2. legal a thing used as evidence (= proof that something is true) in a trial
Is exhibit C the weapon which you say was used?
|
|
|
Term
exotic /ɪgˈzɒt.ɪk/ /-ˈzɑː.t ̬ɪk/ adjective
|
|
Definition
unusual and often exciting because of coming (or seeming to come) from a far, especially tropical country
exotic flowers/food/designs
exotically adverb
exotically dressed dancers
exoticism /ɪgˈzɒt.ɪ.sɪ.z ə m/ /-ˈzɑː.t ̬ɪ-/ noun [ U ] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
to start or stablish an institution
BEGIN
2. [ T ] to bring something into existence
York was founded by the Romans in the year 71 AD.
She left a large sum of money in her will to found a wildlife sanctuary.
We are planning a dinner to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the company.
|
|
|
Term
grandeur /ˈgræn.djə r / /-dʒɚ/ noun [ U ]
|
|
Definition
the quality of being very large and special or beautiful
the silent grandeur of the desert
the grandeur of Wagner's music
|
|
|
Term
massive /ˈmæs.ɪv/ adjective
|
|
Definition
very large in size, amount or number
They've got a massive house.
She died after taking a massive overdose of drugs.
If the drought continues, deaths will occur on a massive scale.
massively /ˈmæs.ɪv.li/ adverb
The film is a massively (= very) ambitious project.
massiveness /ˈmæs.ɪv.nəs/ noun [ U ] |
|
|
Term
permanently /ˈpɜː.mə.nənt.li/ /ˈpɝː-/ adverb
|
|
Definition
always and forever
Smoking is likely to damage your health permanently.
Michael and his family have settled permanently in the States.
I seem to be permanently broke.
|
|
|
Term
popular /ˈpɒp.jʊ.lə r / /ˈpɑː.pjə.lɚ/ adjective
|
|
Definition
LIKED 1. liked, enjoyed or supported by many people
She's the most popular teacher in school.
That song was popular with people from my father's generation.
Walking is a popular form of exercise in Britain.
How popular is Madonna among/with teenagers?
informal Jan wasn't very popular (= people were annoyed by her) when she opened all the windows on that cold day.
Opposite unpopular
|
|
|
Term
reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ /-ˈduːs/ verb [ I or T ]
|
|
Definition
to make something smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc
Do nuclear weapons really reduce the risk of war?
The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.
My weight reduces when I stop eating sugar.
We bought a television that was reduced ( from £500 to £350) in the sales.
To make a thicker sauce, reduce the ingredients by boiling for 5 minutes.
I reduced the problem to a few simple questions.
|
|
|
Term
remnant /ˈrem.nənt/ noun [ C usually plural ]
|
|
Definition
a small piece or amount of something that is left from a larger original piece or amount
the remnants of last night's meal
remnants of the city's former glory
a carpet remnant
|
|
|
Term
renovate /ˈren.ə.veɪt/ verb [ T ]
|
|
Definition
to repair and improve something, especially a building
He renovates old houses and sells them at a profit.
renovation /ˌren.əˈveɪ.ʃ ə n/ noun [ C or U ]
The museum is closed for renovation.
Extensive renovations were carried out on the property.
|
|
|
Term
spectator /spekˈteɪ.tə r / /-t ̬ɚ/ noun [ C ]
|
|
Definition
a person who watches an activity, especially a sports event, without taking part
They won 4-0 in front of over 40 000 cheering spectators. |
|
|
Term
survive /səˈvaɪv/ /sɚ-/ verb
|
|
Definition
1. [ I or T ] to continue to live or exist, especially after coming close to dying or being destroyed or after being in a difficult or threatening situation
The baby was born with a heart problem and only survived for a few hours.These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions.None of Shakespeare's plays survives in its original manuscript form.The family are struggling to survive on very little money.
The front passengers were lucky to survive the accident.The prime minister succeeded in surviving the challenge to his authority."How are you?" "Oh, (I'm) surviving (= life is satisfactory, but not very good) ."2. [ T ] to continue to live after someone, especially a member of your family, has died
He is survived by his wife and four children.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
NATURAL ABILITY
1. [ C or U ] (someone who has) a natural ability to be good at something, especially without being taught
Her talent for music showed at an early age.
His artistic talents were wasted in his boring job.
|
|
|
Term
trainer /ˈtreɪ.nə r / /-nɚ/ noun
|
|
Definition
PERSON
1. [ C ] a person who teaches skills to people or animals and prepares them for a job, activity or sport
They showed pictures of the horse and its trainer (= the person who prepared it for its races) .
A lot of wealthy people have their own personal trainer (= a person they employ to help them exercise) .
|
|
|
Term
venue /ˈven.juː/ noun [ C ]
|
|
Definition
1. the place where a public event or meeting happens
The hotel is an ideal venue for conferences and business meetings.
The stadium has been specifically designed as a venue for European Cup matches.
2. US specialized the city or county in which a trial happens |
|
|
