Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria including Streptococci and Neisseria
PBP binding cell lysis and death
allergic reactions (minor rash to anaphylaxis), confusion, hallucination, seizure, hyperkalemia, pain at injection site; caution-lactam allergy |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria including Staphylococci and Streptococci
PBP binding cell lysis and death
N,V, maculopapular rash, allergic reaction (anaphylaxis), C.difficilecolitis/diarrhea; caution-lactam allergy |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible strains of GN bacteria including Neisseria, Hemophilus, Proteus, Salmonella, Klebsiella, and Serratia
PBP bindinggcell lyysis and death
Rash, allergic reaction, thrombophlebitis, resistance, (painful if IM injection); caution-lactam allergy |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible strains of GP cocci, GN bacilli and cocci, and mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections
PBP bindinggcell lyysis and death
N,V,D, hypersensitivity (rash, pruritus), seizures, suprainfections; caution-lactam allergy, seizure history |
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Term
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Definition
Serious infections caused by MRSA or MRSE, or Infections caused by susceptible strains of GP bacteria in patients with -lactamallergy
precursor molecules binding to cell wall & cell lysis/death
Ototoxicity Histamine release (rash, flushing, hypotension, tachycardia), Thrombophlebitis,neutropenia |
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Term
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Definition
serious infections caused by susceptible strains of GN bacilli
Binding to 30s-ribosomal subunit to disrupt bacteria protein synth
ototoxicity(auditory & vestibular), nephrotoxicity, hypersensitivity reaction |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible GP bacteria
inserts into cell membrane to form a channel that allows K + efflux depolarizes cell, reduces protein synthesis
nausea, constipation, diarrhea, rash, headache, insomnia, myopathy |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible strains of GP and some GN bacteria
binding to 50-S ribosomal subunit to disrupt bacterial protein synthesis
N,V, abd pain, D, thrombophlebitis, hepatotoxicity, ototoxicity, dysrhythmia |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible strains of GP and GN organisms including Ricketts, spirochetes, Chlamydia, Mycloplasma, and Vibrio
binding to 30-S ribosomal subunit to disrupt bacterial protein synthesis
N,V, D, dyspepsia, photosensitivity, fatty liver, tooth discoloration, renal toxicity, suprainfections; avoid in pregnancy, children |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible anaerobes and some strains of GP aerobes
binding to 50-S ribosomal subunit to disrupt bacterial protein synthesis (overlaps macrolide site)
D (including C. difficilepseudo-membranous colitis), hypersensitivity rash, hepatotoxicity, blood dyscrasias, cardiovascular |
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Term
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Definition
severe infections caused by multi-drug resistant strains of GP organisms (e.g., VRE, VISA, MRSA)
binding to 50-S ribosomal subunit (23-S portion) to disrupt bacterial protein synthesis
N, D, headache, bone marrow suppression; avoid in phenylketonurics; |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible GN and some GP organisms
inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase, preventing DNA supercoiling
N,V,D, abd pain, dizziness, headache, confusion (seizure?), tendon rupture, candidal overgrowth; avoidif pregnant or < 18 years old; interaction warfarin |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible anaerobes includingg B. fraggilis, C. difficile, and strains of Fusobacterium, Peptococcus, and Peptostreptococcus
causes strand breaks in DNA structure
headache, A, N, dry mouth, metallic taste; avoidfirst trimester of pregnancy; interaction ethanol, warfarin, phenobarbital, phenytoin |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible GP cocci, GN bacilli
inhibits folic acid synthesis required for growth
hypersensitivity reactions (rash, fever, photosensitivity, SJS), blood dyscrasias, kernicterus, renal failure; avoidif sulfonamide allergy; interaction phenytoin, warfarin, sulfonylureas |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible GP bacilli and some protozoa
inhibits folic acid synthesis required for growth
rash, itching, N, V, glossitis, stomatitis; avoid in pregnancy and lactation, if folate deficient |
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Term
| CoCo--trimoxazoletrimoxazole |
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible organisms (from E. colito Yersinia pestis)
synergistic effect on folic acid metabolism
Adverse effects N, V, rash, hyperkalemia as well as those AEs due to trimethoprim or sulfamethoxazole alone (e.g., allergy) |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible strains of Myygcobacterium including M. tuberculosis
inhibits mycolic acid needed for cell wall (bactericidal in dividing cells, bacteriostatic in dormant cells)
peripheral neuropathy, hepatotoxicity; interactions phenytoin, ethanol, rifampin, pyrazinamide |
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Term
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Definition
infections caused by susceptible strains of Mycobacterium including M.tuberculosis ;also some GN
inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA-polymerase to decrease RNA and protein synthesis (bactericidal)
ANV, skin reaction, flu-like symptoms,hepatotoxicity, red-orange discoloration of body fluid;
Interactions oral contraceptives, warfarin, protease inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, hepatotoxins |
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Term
| Amphotericin B deoxycholate |
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Definition
severe systemic infections caused by susceptible strains of ppggathogenic fungi
binds to cell membrane ergosterol to increase permeability fungicidal or fungistatic
infusion-related (F/C, rigor, nausea, headache), nephrotoxicity, hypokalemia, phlebitis
interactions flucytosine, nephrotoxins |
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Term
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Definition
systemic (and superficial) infections caused by susceptible strains of pathogenic fungi
inhibits fungal CYP-dependent enzymes in ergosterol synthesis, thereby increasing cell permeability (fungistatic fungicidal
NV, abdominal pain, headache/photophobia, gynecomastia, menstrual irregularities, hepatic necrosis |
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Term
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Definition
superficial infections caused by susceptible strains of pathogenic fungi
inhibits fungal CYP-dependent enzymes in ergosterol synthesis
local stinging, erythema, edema, urticaria, pruritus, and peeling |
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